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翻译：akaoge
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校对/时间轴：风停了
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后期：剑齿虎
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监制：风停了
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长久以来 For a long, long time,
我毫无思绪地凝视着海洋 I contemplated the ocean without understanding it.
我能感受到水中蕴含的无尽能量 I could feel the immense energy of its waters.
深蓝的色彩璀璨惊人 I was astonished by the depths of its blues.
呼吸在这宽旷的海域中 I breathed the air of the wide open seas.
但事实上 我什么都未看见 But in reality, I saw nothing.
这里是澳大利亚的鲨鱼湾 Here at Shark Bay in Australia,
峭壁低声向我诉说着地球的历史 the cliffs whisper to me the history of the Earth.
它们诞生于海洋生命之中 They are born from the life of the ocean,
数十亿海洋动物的骨骼构成巨大的墓地 a vast graveyard created by billions of skeletons of marine animals
在海底堆积而成 accumulated at the bottom of the seas
从地球完全为海洋的时期就开始了 when the Earth itself was entirely ocean.
这些生物创造了我所呼吸的空气 These organisms created the air that I breathe
和大气层使我得以被保护 and the atmosphere which protects me.
我看见强劲的潮汐在沙滩勾勒出了沟纹 I see powerful tides carving furrows in the sand.
我却无法领会这运动是所有生命的来源 l don't see that this movement is the source of all life.
我看见风使沙丘成型 I see the winds shaping the dunes.
我却无法理解地球与海洋的深层关系 I don't see the deep relationship between the earth and the sea.
我看见盐漂白了干旱的陆地 I see the salt bleaching the arid earth.
我却看不到海洋究竟给陆地上的生命带来了什么 I don't see what the ocean brings to life on the continents.
我看到了根植于深海的草原 I see immense prairies colonise the depths
是在陆地上所从未目睹过的 that l have never seen on land.
但在鲨鱼湾却多得是 But at shark Bay, there is more than that.
这里是我们故事的开端 Here are the origins of our story,
我们 人类 us, mankind.
开始于这里的一群活化石 It begins here, with a colony of living fossils,
一群生活在海面的细菌 叫做层叠石 bacteria who live at the surface of the ocean, called stromatolites.
我是这种生命形态的后裔 I am a descendant of this form of life,
它们是现今地球上已知最古老的生物 the most ancient known on Earth,
形成于四十亿年以前 which came into being four billion years ago.
我生于此 生于海洋 I come from here, I come from the ocean.
现今 And now,
面对海洋 facing the ocean,
我所看到的一切 都是我们人类 all I can see is us, mankind.
七十亿人类 We are seven billion human beings.
远远多于自人类诞生开始 曾经在地球上 More than the total number of people who have lived on Earth
生活的人口总和 since the beginnings of humanity.
我们按我们的想法发展着地球 We have shaped the world in our image.
在海岸边 On the shores of the ocean,
建造了能容下百万人口的巨大城市 we have built vast cities where we live in our millions.
我们挖掘出港口 We have dug out ports,
将岛屿推平来建造工厂 flattened islands to construct our factories.
海洋带给我们世界上全部的矿质资源 The ocean has brought us all the mineral riches of the world.
加工材料 融合钢铁 切割整形 We work materials, meld steel, cut and slice.
数十万船只在海洋上交叉穿梭 One hundred thousand of our ships crisscross the seas.
所有的生命 All that lives,
所有在地球上生长的东西终有一日 all that grows on the Earth will one day
会被我们残酷的控制 pass through our iron grasp.
我们甚至运送森林 We even transport the forests.
我们不断地向海洋索取以滋养自己 We delve unceasingly into the ocean to nourish ourselves.
我们已变成超级捕食者 We have become super predators.
我们罐装整个世界 We have canned the entire world,
有六亿集装箱可供运输 600 million containers that we can transport,
这多亏了有海洋 thanks to the ocean.
海洋给我们全球化提供了可能 The ocean that offered us the possibility of globalisation.
这个星球是我们的 The planet is ours.
但如今 我们要去向何方 But now, where are we going?
我开始察觉到我的力量所产生的后果 I am becoming aware of the consequences of my power.
过度捕捞 全球变暖 Overfishing, global warming,
资源损耗 环境污染 depletion of resources, pollution,
我的欲望带我走上漫长的道路 my drive has taken me a long way.
我知晓这一切 l know this
源于我能够了解我身边到底发生了什么 because I am capable of understanding what happens to me.
我是如何了解到这点 How have I gotten to this point
当我不再能感受到周边所发生的一切 where I no longer see what is around me?
为了弄清楚 我们必须回到一开始 To understand that, we have to return to the very beginning.
星 球 海 洋
起初 地球自我消耗 In the beginning, the Earth consumed itself,
经过暴烈的晃动 shaken by violent convulsions.
熔岩物质正遭受着来自太阳系的流星 The fusing matter was subjected to violent bombardments of meteors
猛烈的轰击 coming from the solar system.
这场战争带来了大气层 This battlefield gave rise to an atmosphere,
暴风雨 红色的氮碳氢化合物 stormy, red with nitrogen, carbon and hydrogen.
水蒸气则来自于银河系 And water vapour, which came from the galaxy.
地球表面就像是巨大的气泡 The surface of the Earth was like an enormous bubble
在压力之下加热超过七百摄氏度的高温 heated under pressure to over 700 degrees Celsius.
然后炽热之地冷却下来 蒸汽凝结 Then the inferno cooled off and the vapours condensed,
形成了陆地上所爆发的最大的洪水 producing the greatest of the terrestrial floods that occurred.
那发生在四十亿年前 That was four billion years ago.
洪水几乎覆盖了地壳 The flood covered almost all of the Earth's crust.
洪水洗刷原始的岩石 The water washed the primordial rock,
侵蚀着岩石并且使盐遍布其中 eroding it away and becoming laden with salts.
地球变成了盐水世界 The Earth became a world of salty water.
这些水便被叫做海洋 This water was called the ocean.
海洋星球诞生了 An ocean planet was born.
冰河世纪 In the Ice Age,
七亿年前 温度下降 700 million years ago, the temperature fell.
星球被冰川覆盖了两千万年 The planet remained white for 20 million years,
然后冰川在强大的温室效应之下融化 then melted because of a powerful greenhouse effect
这是由火山爆发所带来的碳所造成的 created by the carbon of the volcanoes.
另外的冰蚀现象随之出现 与气候变暖相交替 Other glaciations followed, alternating with warming.
从这个时期开始 From this period
地球南北极保留了巨大的冰川区 there remain vast icy regions at the north and south poles of the globe.
这些地区充当了庞大的气候系统的冷却器 These regions work as coolers in an immense climate system.
靠近赤道 Close to the Equator,
太阳将海洋加热到似乎要沸腾 the sun heats the ocean, which seems to boil.
这炎热地区和寒冷地区的差别 This contrast between the hot regions and the cold regions
生成了强劲的气流 generates powerful air currents.
这些风对于本故事必不可少 These are the winds, essential to this story.
从极地来的风向下吹去 寒冷且沉重 The winds descend, cold and heavy, from the polar regions
与赤道而来的热且轻的空气相碰撞 and collide with the hot, light air of the Equator.
这些风 由于地球的旋呈曲线运动 These winds, curved by the rotation of the Earth,
形成了巨大的漩涡 form gigantic whirlpools.
一旦与海洋接触的风便推动了海水运动 On contact with the ocean, these winds push the water.
形成了强有力的洋流 They generate powerful marine currents
能够使数百万立方米的海水流动 capable of moving millions of cubic metres of water across the ocean.
海洋到处被漩涡所分开 Everywhere, the ocean is furrowed by whirlpools,
其中一些已旋转多年 some of which spin for years.
这种运动使蓝色星球表面的热量得以散开 This movement spreads heat from the surface of the blue planet.
热带地区的热水向上涌入两极地区 The hot water of the tropics rises up towards the poles.
然后 这些水冷却之后 Then this water cools,
变得更为稠密并充满了盐分 becomes more dense, laden with salt,
随后沉入得更深 and falls down into the depths.
深处的水则进一步沉向海洋底部 The water of the depths travels further down towards the bottom of the ocean,
被自身的重量所推进 pushed by its own weight.
其中夹杂着极地的寒冷 It carries with it the polar cold.
最终 会在底部相碰撞 Finally, it collides against the bottom
然后重返水面上再次受热 and returns towards the waters of the surface, where it reheats.
一滴水完成整个海洋循环 It takes 1 ,000 years for a drop of water
要用一千年的时间 to complete this ocean cycle.
这些洋流造就了地球上温和的气候 These currents have created a temperate climate on Earth.
对它们而言 It is to them,
我们得感激生命行星所创造的一切 we owe the creation of a living planet.
当阳光明媚 洋流涌向水面之时 When the sun is strong and the currents mount to the surface,
一个令人惊奇的现象出现 an astonishing phenomenon occurs,
如此巨大以至于从太空就看得见 so gigantic that it is visible from space,
旺盛且迸发而出的生命 a blooming, an explosion of life.
这些出现的生命称为浮游生物 This life which appears is called plankton,
流动的生命 "floating life",
因为它自己无法移动 because it cannot move itself
而只能在水中漂流 and drifts in the water.
这旺盛的生命从太阳获取能量 This blooming gets its energy from the sun.
这存在于水面 It occurs between the surface
和前一百米深之间的地方 and the first 100 metres depth,
是太阳光线所能渗透过的海洋 where the rays penetrate the ocean.
起初 Firstly,
那儿有的微型海藻扩散开来 there are tiny algae which spread
就像两片辽阔的水域之间 like an immense floating prairie
漂浮的巨大的草原 between two expanses of water.
每年就如此产生的生物量 Just the biomass thus produced every year,
便占到这个星球植被的一半 represents half the vegetation of the planet.
一些微藻类似遥远的星系 Some microalgae resemble distant galaxies.
这些原生生物是非常古老的生物体 These are protists, very ancient organisms.
尽管它们有所复杂 Despite their complexity,
但它们中的大多数只不过是由 most of them are nothing but a single cell
二氧化硅或是石灰石 surrounded by a silica
为骨架的单细胞生物 or lime skeleton.
在这个水平 At this level,
植物和动物的差别是模糊不清的 the distinction between plant and animal is blurred.
一部分绿细胞甚至已有四肢 Some of these green cells even have limbs
推动它们向上游动 which push them upwards,
增大接触太阳光的表面积 augmenting their surface area exposed to the sun.
所有这些微藻消耗的是碳 All these microalgae consume carbon
而回报产出的则是氧 and produce, in return, oxygen.
我们呼吸的半数空气都来自这些微藻 Half of the air we breathe comes from these microalgae.
海洋是星球的蓝色之肺 The ocean is the blue lung of the planet.
这绽放的植物触发了另一种生命的激增 This vegetable flowering triggers another explosion of life,
数十亿食草动物来到海洋草原中取食 that of billions of herbivorous animals which come to feed off the marine prairie.
这些动物难以测量到底有几毫米 These animals measure hardly a few millimetres,
有的则更小得多 often much less.
它们被分为水母 甲壳类 细胞 They're classed as jellyfish, crustaceans, cells,
贝类 幼体的类型 shellfish, larvae,
是足有数以千计的物种群体 thousands of groups of species.
它们中最重要的是不计其数的小虾米 Among the most important of them are the innumerable tiny shrimps,
磷虾 日以继夜吃着海藻 the krill, which graze on the algae night and day.
以及桡足类生物 And the copepods,
一种通过四肢跳跃来推动来自己 a sort of tiny sea flea who swim by leaping,
游动的微型海跳蚤 propelled by their limbs.
桡足类生物又被 The copepods are hunted
浮游生物中所有的食肉动物猎食 by all the carnivores in the plankton,
尤其是这些箭头形状的捕食者 in particular these arrow-shaped predators,
贪婪且拥有硅质的牙齿 voracious and armed with silicon teeth.
在这个危险地带 In this jungle,
猎物和捕食者不断地相混杂 prey and predators mingle constantly
总是有甲壳动物准备好 and there is always a crustacean ready
去毁灭先前的捕食者 to consume the preceding predators.
生命的每个瞬间的行为都是为了生存 Each instant of life is an act of survival.
浮游生物是一本打开的书 The plankton is an open book
我们得以从中读懂海洋的历史 in which we can read the history of the ocean.
在三十亿年间 During three billion years,
生命在这片海洋草原里已不断进化 life has evolved here, in this marine prairie.
一些非常古老的生物 Some very ancient species,
例如凝胶状动物 like the gelatinous animals,
仅在海洋中进化 have only evolved in the ocean.
与液体的环境浑然一体 In perfect harmony with the liquid environment,
它们具有弹性躯体 they have an elastic body,
可让它们进食与游动同时进行 which allows them simultaneously to suck in food and to move.
有时候 它们彼此相互钩住 Sometimes, they hook on to one another,
构成巨大的链条以促进在水流中游动 forming immense chains to facilitate moving in the current.
看似无序 It looks chaotic,
但每一个生物体都有组织般直到最小的细节 but each living entity is organised down to the smallest detail.
这些迸发的生命最终不复存在 These explosions of life eventually disappear,
因资源的匮乏而毁灭 devoured by a lack of resources
或是被无形的敌人所消灭 or wiped out by an invisible enemy,
来自病毒的入侵 an attack by a virus.
数十亿病毒 其生物学意义 Billions of viruses,whose biological role
在于控制激增的各种生命 is to regulate each explosion of life.
自然绝不容忍过量 Nature doesn't tolerate excess.
所有的海洋物种 All the species of the ocean
都依赖这不显眼的浮游生物 are dependent on this invisible plankton,
就如生命的长链 like a long chain of life.
在寒冬之末 At the end of the winter,
马鲛鱼在深海之地从冬眠中醒来 the mackerel depart from hibernation in the depths of the ocean.
它们上游到水面 寻觅海洋藻类 They come up to the surface, seeking the marine prairie.
此类鱼没有首领 The fish have no leader,
然而它们却熟练地以完美的编队游走 and yet they manoeuvre in perfect formation.
每一条鱼都能始终感知到自己的同胞 Each fish is continuously aware of the presences of its neighbours
并遵循各自之间的距离 and respects their distance.
这种自发组织性 This self-organisation
是这个团体的基本规则 is a fundamental law of the group.
这使得它们能够如群体般去猎食 It enables them to hunt as a shoal
以增大找到丰饶进食区的可能性 and increases the chances of finding a rich feeding zone.
最先有所发现的鱼 The first who finds something
能以简单的动作引来其余的鱼 can guide the others by a simple movement.
旗鱼是海洋中速度最快的鱼 The sailfish is the fastest fish in the ocean.
以鱼为食 It feeds on fish.
其背鳍给予它非凡的稳定性 Its dorsal fin gives it exceptional stability
以达成捕食的目标 to achieve its predatory goals.
一条一百公斤的旗鱼 A 100-kilo sailfish
一生将会吃掉一千公斤的马鲛鱼 will consume in its lifetime 1 ,000 kilos of mackerel,
而马鲛鱼本身也要消耗 who themselves have consumed
一万公斤的浮游生物 10,000 kilos of zooplankton,
而浮游生物却要消耗掉 who themselves have grazed
十万公斤的海洋藻类 on 100,000 kilos of marine prairie.
食物链呈金字塔型层层分布 The food chain is a hierarchy, a pyramid structure.
一些生物选择彼此帮助 Some species choose to help one another.
蝠鲼只吃浮游生物 Manta rays only eat plankton.
它们六米长的翼展提供了庇护所 Their six-metre wingspan offers shelter.
作为回报 小鱼除去主人身上的寄生虫 In return, the smaller fish remove the host's parasites.
其他的鱼选择鲸鲨这种最大的鱼类 Others opt for the whale shark, the largest of the fish.
这个家伙穿越整个海洋搜寻浮游生物 This traveller crosses entire oceans in search of plankton.
它以吸入之物为食并携带着较小的鱼 It carries with it smaller fish who live off its intake.
团结一致在这个浩瀚的水中也起着作用 Solidarity also has a role in this liquid immensity,
这水有四千米深 4,000 metres deep,
覆盖了这个星球的三分二 covering two-thirds of the planet.
有时候 这种旅行会被陆地所阻挡 Sometimes, this journey is interrupted by land.
这里是印度尼西亚的拉贾安帕特群岛 Here at Raja Ampat in Indonesia,
这块陆地出现于二十亿年前 land appeared when the ocean retreated
海水退却之时 two billion years ago.
这些石灰岩小山之前存在于海洋底部 These limestone hills were previously at the bottom of the ocean.
正如澳大利亚的鲨鱼湾 Like at shark Bay in Australia,
它们是由数十亿浮游生物的骨骼构成 they are made of billions of plankton skeletons,
堆积于海洋覆盖整个星球的地质年代 piled up in the geological era when the ocean covered the planet.
随着海水的退却 With the receding of the waters,
侵蚀的过程将岩石勾 erosion sculpted the rock
勒成一片精巧的墓地 into an elaborate graveyard,
由浮游生物化石构成的 a labyrinth of 1 ,500 islands
一千五百个岛屿组成的迷宫 of fossilised plankton.
拉贾安帕特群岛 The Raja Ampat Archipelago
是极富生物多样性的中心地带 is at the heart of a region rich in biodiversity.
有一千四百种鱼生活在这里 Fourteen hundred species of fish live here,
以及占全球四分之一的海洋物种 and a quarter of all marine species.
来此接触到这些新兴的岛屿 Coming into contact with these emerging lands,
大概正与枯竭与饥饿相抗争 probably struggling against exhaustion and hunger,
一些浮游生物放弃游动的生活 some plankton abandoned nomadic life
而定居于此 and settled here.
那是五亿年之前 That was 500 million years ago,
海洋中的一场革命 a revolution in the ocean.
浮游生物之家创建了珊瑚礁 This family of plankton created the coral reefs.
珊瑚虫其实是一种 Coral is a creature
我们白天难得一见的生物 we rarely actually see by day.
白天我们所看到的 What we see in the daytime
是起到庇护作用的石灰质骨骼 is the calcareous skeleton which serves as its shelter,
这个骨骼就像一棵树 树枝或是叶子 a skeleton that resembles a tree, branches or leaves.
为了在这些缺乏营养物的水中存活 To survive in these waters scarce in nutrients,
珊瑚礁保护了在其内部的海藻 coral shelters an alga within it
吸收白天的阳光 which feeds by day on sunlight.
海藻因此成为建设的推动力 The algae have thus become the driving force of the construction,
为的是占据阳光下最佳的位置 aiming to occupy the best place in the sun.
每一只珊瑚虫都与其同胞斗争 Each coral struggles against its neighbours
以争取到更多的光 to gain more light
得以每年以几毫米的增速生长 at the speed of a few millimetres per year.
这些石化的丛林 This petrified forest,
是海洋星球上物种最为稠密的 is the most densely populated ecosystem
生态系统 on the ocean planet.
一个真正的舒适之地 A veritable oasis.
你能在此隐藏并在此捕猎 You can hide here, and hunt here.
每一个生物都其自己的领地 Each has its own territory.
这里有关生命的一切都是有组织的 Everything about life here is organised.
甚至鱼的肤色都表现为伪装或是诱惑 Even the colours of the fish represent camouflage or seduction.
像是绝妙的海洋之城 Like a marvellous marine city,
大众穿越城门涌入其中 crowds pour in through the gates.
它们来自遥远的地方 They come from far away
只为摆脱身上的寄生虫 to get rid of their parasites
因为仅有暗礁 because only the reef
才能提供足够的多样性 offers enough diversity
来保证不同的需求 to guarantee that kind of service.
数百万年的进化使得每一个物种 Millions of years of evolution have enabled each species
在这个珊瑚大都市里 to find a place and a role
找到自己位置和作用 in this coral metropolis.
蝎子鱼伪装着自己 The scorpion fish camouflages itself,
与此同时 while the spider crab
蜘蛛蟹让自己寄居在贝壳之中 lets itself be colonised by shellfish
静止之时便显得毫不起眼 and becomes invisible when motionless.
或者你可以躲起来 Or you can hide.
像在每个大都市里 As in every cosmopolitan city,
暗礁之中的生活并不是任意的 life in the reef is not spontaneous.
社会生活的守则和规范得被重视起来 There are codes, rules of social life to be respected,
要是你不想在邻居的胃里终结的话 if you don't want to end up in your neighbour's stomach.
隐藏成为了章鱼的一门艺术 Concealment becomes an art for these octopi,
能够改变肤色和表皮的结构 capable of changing the colour and structure of their skin
以此蒙蔽它们的攻击者 to deceive their attackers.
即便这种群居有着风险 Despite the risks of this collective existence,
但许多生物仍以暗礁为温床 many species use the reef as a nursery.
所有的海洋之中 Of all the ocean,
暗礁仍然是能为养家煳口 it is still the place that offers
提供最好机会的地方 the best chance for raising a family.
乌贼为了保护它的卵 Cuttlefish protect their eggs
便尽可能深地藏匿它们 by hiding them as deep as possible
在珊瑚礁的分支之处 in the branches of the coral
以便其他鱼无法吃掉它们 so that other fish cannot eat them.
但能维持多久 But for how long?
猎物和捕食者是如此之近 Prey and predators are so close.
海葵花的触手是有毒的 The tentacles of the anemones are poisonous,
甚至足以致命 even deadly.
只有小丑鱼才能生活在其中 Only clown fish can live among them.
它们从非常小的时候就开始 They immunise themselves by rubbing against 通
过摩擦触手而获得免疫 the tentacles from a very young age.
这是自然接种的疫苗 This natural vaccination
使得它们可以利用海葵来做庇护 then enables them to use the anemone as a refuge.
对于那些不了解暗礁的生物 For those who do not know the reef,
在这个大都市的生活实际上充满了危险 this marvellous city is in fact full of dangers.
异花软珊瑚并不是花 The xenid is not a flower,
而是没有骨架的珊瑚 but a coral without a skeleton,
诱捕浮游动物陷进自己的触手里的动物 an animal that traps the plankton in its tentacles.
在夜间 暗礁甚至更加危险重重 At night, the reef is even more dangerous.
珊瑚的活体部分是珊瑚虫 The living part of the coral, the polyp,
白天看不见 但在晚上就出现了 is invisible by day, but appears at night.
这种凝胶状的生物是水母的远亲 This gelatinous creature is a distant cousin of the jellyfish.
它靠触手捕食 It also hunts with its tentacles.
固定在暗礁之中 Immobile in the reef,
它依赖于洋流给它带来猎物 it relies on the marine currents to bring its prey.
那些浮动太近的生物就要倒霉了 Too bad for those who float too close.
任何碰到它触手的东西都动弹不得 Its tentacles immobilise everything that touches them
由于被致命的毒液所注射 by injecting a deadly poison.
有时候 甚至消化糖是如此之强 Sometimes, even a digestive sugar so powerful
以至于可以消化掉活物 that it can digest living things.
暗礁也是一只危险的捕食者 The reef is a dangerous predator.
一旦陷入其中 受害者无法逃离魔爪 Once trapped, the victim cannot escape from these arms,
它们被慢慢拖入口中 然后被消化掉 which pull it slowly towards the mouth, where it will be digested.
一年一次 在完全相同的时刻 Once a year, at exactly the same time,
当春日满月之时 at the spring full moon,
一个离奇的事件发生了 an extraordinary event occurs.
暗礁进入了生殖的阶段 The reef enters its reproductive phase.
放出了数以百万计的雌雄配子 By millions, they release male and female gametes.
一起相融合 产生下一代 Fusing together, they give birth to larvae,
未来珊瑚礁的幼虫 the larvae of future coral reefs.
这种放出卵的行为一年仅有一次 This release of eggs happens only once a year.
将持续仅仅数小时 It lasts for only a few hours,
这取决于所有繁衍生命的 and it depends on perfect synchronisation
珊瑚虫之间完美的同步 between all the corals of a given species.
这些幼虫将被洋流所分散 The larvae are dispersed by the current
在更远的地方着陆之前 for several days and nights
要经过数个昼夜 before landing further away.
它们离开去征服新的领地 They leave to conquer a new territory.
那些活下来的便固定在新的深海壁上 Those which survive fix on the new walls of the deep sea
将赋予它们生命的巨大珊瑚城 to perpetuate the immense coral city
永久地传承下去 which gave birth to them.
这是恒久的扩张 It's a constant expansion.
五亿年来 For 500 million years,
珊瑚一直发展 消亡 再发展 the coral have been growing, dying and growing.
它们的建筑已组成了 Their construction has built an empire
从空中可见的帝国 visible from the skies,
星球上最大的活体建筑 the biggest living construct of the planet.
所有的海洋动物群 All the fauna of the ocean
同这些生命的绿洲都有千丝万缕的联系 is linked to these oases of life.
在玻里尼西亚 石斑鱼经过远航 In Polynesia, the grouper make a long voyage
来到暗礁的一边产下它们的卵 to come and lay their eggs on the side of the reef.
对于通常独居的群体 这是一次巨大聚会 It's a huge meeting for this normally solitary community,
来到环礁湖寻找为它们繁殖庇护的地方 who come to the lagoon seeking shelter for their reproduction.
但这样的聚会也伴随着黑尾真鲨的捕食 But this meeting is also attended by marauding grey sharks.
在它们一生的过程中 In the course of their lives,
石斑鱼开始为雌性 然后转变性别为雄性 groupers start off female, then change sex and become male
一旦它们达到一定的体重和年龄 once they are above a certain weight and age.
它们迅速发展 混合它们的精子 They leap forward, mixing their sperm.
雌性鱼因产卵而虚弱 变得易于被捕食 The females, weakened by laying, make easy prey.
鲨鱼袭来 The sharks attack.
它们会屠杀很多石斑鱼 They will massacre many of the grouper,
但这样的掠食 but this predation,
反常地对石斑鱼物种来说是极其重要 paradoxically, is vital for the grouper as a species,
否则它们会繁殖过快而数量过多 who will otherwise reproduce too fast and become too numerous.
再一次 自然决不能容忍超额 Here again, nature does not tolerate excess,
总有伺机而动的捕食者在另一只之上 there's always one predator waiting just above another.
锤头鲨是可怕的猎手 Hammerhead sharks are fearsome hunters.
进化了两千万年 Evolving 20 million years ago,
这些动物成长为超级杀手 these animals are super predators.
它们的锤头形状的脑袋像鳍一样 Their hammer-shaped head acts like a fin
提升灵活性 and promotes agility.
这眼睛的位置离得很远 The position of the eyes, very far apart, 让其
产生立体视觉 gives them 3D vision.
它们捕获鱼和其他鲨鱼 They hunt the fish and other sharks.
正如捕食的循环影响着物种的进化 It's as if the cycle of predation governed the evolution of species.
这里是我们出现在故事中的地方 And here's where we appear in the story.
这是我们 人类 Here we are, people.
生命之链的最后一环 The last link in the chain of life,
我们之上没有捕食者了 we have no predator above us.
我们诞生于此 We began here,
却活在与海洋相对的另一边 on the other side of the mirror of the ocean.
我们占据了浮现的陆地 We occupy the land which emerged.
很久之前 为保护我们自己 Very long ago, to protect ourselves,
我们建立了如现仍存于巴拿马的 we built villages like those that still exist
圣布拉斯那样的村庄 at San Blas in Panama.
我们无法像鱼一样游泳 We can't swim like the fish,
因此我们建造了小船穿过海洋 so we conceived boats to cross the oceans.
然后造就了世界 And then we built a world
在我们之前没有任何一个物种这般建设 like nothing any other species had built before us.
为了建造城镇 To build our towns,
我们在岛屿之间搭建了桥梁 we constructed bridges between islands,
征服了流经陆地的海洋 we conquered the ocean via the land.
我们学会挖通山脉 We learned to dig through mountains,
改变河流的方向 甚至创造岛屿 change the course of the waters and even create islands.
我们建立了甚至比珊瑚城更大的帝国 We built an empire even bigger than the coral cities.
我们的围墙 我们巨大的城镇 Our walls, our enormous towns,
从天空中便可以看见 can be seen from the sky.
通过我们的智慧 Through our intelligence,
我们这些弱小的人类 we, weak humanity,
变得真的很强大 became really very strong.
富有或是贫穷 Rich or poor,
世界上一半的人口 half the people of our world
都居住在离水源不超过一百公里的区域 live less than 100 kilometres from the water.
几乎整个非洲撒哈拉以南地区的人口 Almost the entire population of sub-saharan Africa
都集中住在海岸线上 is concentrated on the coastline.
仅尼日利亚的拉各斯就有1700万居民 Just the city of Lagos in Nigeria has 17 million inhabitants.
超过十万人住在海岸边的贫民窟 More than 100,000 people live in the shantytown on the shore.
移民过来的人口已经没有地方可住 The population that migrated here has no place on land,
因此不得不转向海洋 so they turn to the sea.
我们的人口还在不断增长 Our population is constantly growing.
世界人口已经超过七十亿了 We are more than seven billion.
每一秒钟过去 Every second that goes by,
就会有超过两个孩子诞生 there are two more people on the planet to be fed.
我们是饥饿的 And we are hungry,
因此 我们自然会转向海洋去养活自己 so, naturally, we turn to the ocean to feed us.
三十亿人口直接依赖于海洋资源 Three billion human beings depend directly on marine resources.
大约有十亿人 For almost a billion people,
鱼类是他们唯一的动物蛋白来源 fish represent their only source of animal proteins.
海洋是我们生存的关键 The ocean is key to our survival.
四百万艘渔船每天都要驶出海洋捕鱼 Four million of our fishing boats set out each day to attack the ocean.
多数都是像这样的小船 The majority are just little boats like these,
每天早上在塞内加尔的海岸线上等待卸货 which unload each morning on the coasts of Senegal.
我们的捕鱼技术开始于家庭工艺 Our fishing has been since the beginning a family craft,
一代一代的训练和传承 practised and transmitted from generation to generation.
尽管这是一门危险的行业 Although it's a dangerous profession,
当人们在陆地无法吃饱时 when people can't feed off the land,
最贫困的人就求助于海洋 the poorest turn to the sea.
世界各地 Worldwide,
包括间接就业和家族作业 including indirect employment and families,
捕鱼供养了五亿人口 fishing sustains 500 million people.
这儿 我看到了海洋的充裕 Here, I see the abundance of the ocean.
海洋带给我们其他的食物 The ocean brings us other food.
自从我们最初的历史以来 since the very beginning of our history,
我们已经收集了海岸线上的野生海藻 we have gathered wild seaweeds on the shore.
它们已经存在了三十五亿年 They have existed for three and a half billion years.
我们学着耕作海洋 We learned to cultivate the sea
就如我们开始耕作陆地一样 as we came to farm the land.
海藻从种到收仅需要六周时间 The seaweed needs only six weeks of growth before harvest.
它仅需要阳光和流动的洋流 It requires only sunlight and the movement of the currents.
今天在印度尼西亚的巴厘岛 Today in Bali in Indonesia,
我们培育海藻并从中提取营养明胶 we cultivate seaweed and extract from it a nourishing gelatine.
这种养殖方式 This farming
已经生产了一千五百万吨海藻 today produces 15 million tons of seaweed,
出口到了世界各地 exported all over the world.
棕色 绿色 红色的海藻满足各种需求 Brown, green and red seaweed serve all purposes,
医药 服饰 化肥和食物 medicine, cloth, fertiliser and food.
我们探寻了海洋中的一小部分 We trace out small portions of sea
并将河口转变为私人的特许之地 and transform estuaries into private concessions.
全球有超过五十万公顷的海面 More than 500,000 hectares of the globe
在从事着海藻养殖 are dedicated to cultivation of seaweed,
供养了一百万海边的农民 supporting a million sea farmers.
在韩国的莞岛郡列岛 In South Korea, in the Wando Archipelago,
超过两百个岛屿用于养殖海藻 over 200 islands have converted to farming seaweeds.
这些壮丽的广阔区域在阳光之下 These magnificent expanses are immense nets
铺设了巨大的网 spread out in the sun,
被用于晾晒收获物 which are used to dry the harvests.
海洋中生长着三万种海藻 Of the 30,000 species of seaweed which grow in the sea,
仅有五十种是可供食用 only around 50 are edible.
这儿 我们种植海带 Here, we grow kombu,
大的海藻可以长到三米长 large seaweeds which can grow to three metres in length.
亚洲 这种海藻作为一种基本的食物来源 In Asia, this seaweed is a basic food source.
这些甜味的叶子中 These sugar-flavoured leaves
包含了蛋白质 矿物质和维生素 contain proteins, mineral salts and vitamins.
我们捕鱼已有四万年了 We have been fishing for 40,000 years,
常常需要提高我们的捕鱼技术和渔网质量 constantly improving our fisheries and our nets.
渔业已经变成了一种产业 Fishing became an industry.
它不再是一种家庭问题 而是投资和技术 It's no longer a question of family, but of investment and technology.
为了增强捕捉的能力 To increase our catch,
我们的渔民组成了船队 our fishermen formed fleets.
深海拖网技术的发明改变了一切 What changed everything is the invention of the deep sea trawl,
一张漏斗形的大号渔网打开时 a large net with a funnel-shaped opening
就如同鲸鲨的大嘴一样 like the mouth of the whale shark.
渔网如此之大其长度达到了四十千米 Our nets are so large that some measure 40-kilometres,
或是说二十五英里 or 25 miles.
然后整个工厂都搬到了海上 Then entire factories took to the sea.
我们利用探针 雷达 We use probes, radar,
和集中所有的先进设备 and focus all our ingenuity
就为抓获海洋生命 on hunting down marine life.
全球每年都会捕捞九千万吨野生鱼类 Every year, we fish 90 million tons of wild fish globally.
半数以上是由这种数量 Half this amount is fished
仅占的百分之一的渔船捕获 by only 1% of our fishing boats.
拖网渔船 捕捞网 我们的网是如此之大 Our trawlers, our seines, our nets are so huge
以至于我们不再选择性捕获 that we no longer choose what we're taking.
无论来的是什么我们都收 We take whatever comes
之后再根据这些鱼的市场价值将其分类 and sort it later according to the market value of the fish.
阿拉斯加鳕鱼 大西洋鲱鱼 Alaska Pollock, Atlantic herring,
我们几乎将其全部捕捞上来 we just scoop it all up.
撇开由科学家明确限额的鱼来说 There is no limit to our predation
我们的捕捞毫无限制 apart from the fish quotas fixed by scientists.
但谁能阻止我们超出额度呢 But who can prevent us from exceeding them?
全世界 有百分之八十的商业鱼类 Worldwide, 80% of commercial fish stocks
被公开宣称可全额捕捞或无限制捕捞 have been declared fully exploited or overexploited.
我们的渔业已达到一个上限 Our fishing has reached a ceiling.
我们处于生物学的极限 We are at a biological limit.
但我们如何才能明白这一点呢 How could we have gotten to this point?
我们的密集捕捞牺牲了成千上万的鱼 Our intensive fishing sacrifices millions of fish.
这些是多余的 捕捞之中的废品 These are the waste, the rejects of the catch,
或正好是在渔网中挤压致死的鱼 or just the fish that got crushed to death in our nets.
白白丧生的鱼 Fish killed for nothing.
由于表层的存储量消耗殆尽 As the stocks near the surface run out,
我们搜寻得越来越远 越来越深 we rake further and further, deeper and deeper.
我们的拖网渔船能下网超过三千米 Our trawlers now go down more than 3,000 metres.
我们盲目捕捞几乎不熟知的动物群 We blindly fish a fauna we hardly know.
深渊中的动物群 The fauna of the abyss,
生活在黑暗之中 孤独且饥饿 that lives in the dark, alone and hungry.
在深渊当中 光线逐渐消失 In the abyss, the light gradually disappears.
生命繁荣在这个缺乏光亮的地方 Life flourishes around this absence of light,
而且多么具有活力 and what a life.
在大约一百米深 栉水母 At around 100-metres deep, the ctenophores,
这种凝胶状生物拥有发光的器官 these gelatinous creatures possess luminous organs
为了吓走它们的敌人 to frighten off their enemies.
继续深入 Still deeper,
水面一千米之下 在昏暗的海水之中 1,000-metres below the surface, in the ocean twilight,
我们找到了管水母目动物 we find the siphonophores.
这是最大的一类浮游生物 These are the largest kind of plankton.
一些长达五十米 some measure up to 50-metres.
它们的器官并不伸开 而是聚在一起 Their organs are not spread out, but grouped together.
在一边 是它们的胃 On one side, they have their stomachs,
在另一边 是它们用来漂流的浮囊 on the other, the swim bladders they use to float.
在两者之间 它们展开一张网 Between the two, they deploy a net
来捕获从水面落下的食物 to trap any food which falls from the surface.
下降到深渊之中 Descending into the abyss
就像驾着生物时光机穿梭回过去 is like travelling back in a biological time machine.
这里可能有两千种深渊原住鱼类 There are maybe 2,000 species of abyss-dwelling fish.
骇人的动物群 A terrifying bestiary,
蝰鱼可以吃掉比自己身体还大的生物 Viperfish that can eat things larger than themselves.
宽咽鱼吞食任何经过身边的生物 Gulper eels that gobble everything which passes.
一千五百米深的地方极难生存 Survival is tough at 1 ,500-metres deep.
大约在三千米 光线便不复存在了 At around 3,000-metres, there is no more light.
这里是吸血乌贼的领域 It's the kingdom of the vampire squid,
它们是乌贼的史前远亲 a prehistoric cousin of the squid.
吸血乌贼有呈紫铜色外表的高贵血统 The vampire squid has blue blood laced with copper.
它巨大的眼睛能察觉到在其上方 Its enormous eyes detect slight variations
朝向海面方向的细微变化 in contrast above it, towards the surface.
它的视觉完全适应了处于阴影之中 Its vision is entirely adapted to the shadows.
沉积而成的平面 始终如一且呈灰白色 The sedimentary plane, uniform and grey,
看起来延伸至视野之外 seems to stretch out of sight
而且摄影机只能照亮很小的范围 and span lit by the camera.
当我们靠近这些海绵状的沼泽 When we approach this spongy marsh,
就看到了肉食性的海绵动物在忙绿 we see carnivorous sponges at work.
当废弃物触到底部 When waste touches the bottom,
螃蟹 鳗鱼和肉食海绵窦贪婪地吃食 crabs, eels and carnivorous sponges gorge on it.
在泥中数以亿计无形的细菌 Invisible in the mud, billions of bacteria break down
会分解剩下的部分 what remains of the living.
这里 物种生活节奏比较慢 Here, species live more slowly,
有时会到一百五十岁 sometimes to 150 years old,
因为负四千米的海洋底部有巨大的压力 because of the extraordinary pressure at minus 4,000-metres, at the bottom of the sea.
氧气是稀薄的 Oxygen is scarce.
然而 我们所处之处 And yet, here we are.
就是我们几乎不知道的世界 In this world we hardly know.
我们来此源于我们对资源耗尽的恐慌 Here we are because we're afraid of running out.
寻找供给我们所严重依赖的石油 We're looking to feed our addiction to oil.
海洋似乎都由水组成 The ocean seems to be made of water.
但事实上 它是生命 化学成分 But in reality, it's an alliance between life,
和地质的结合 chemistry and geology.
所有的废料 尸体 All the wastes, corpses,
海藻颗粒从水面上下降而来 particles of seaweed which come down from the surface,
海洋中每一个微小的细胞终结其生命 each tiny cell of the ocean finishes its life here
成为海洋雪 in "marine snow."
数百万年以来 For millions of years,
死亡的浮游生物所含的碳 dead plankton loaded with carbon has been building
已在海洋底部积累 up at the bottom of the seas.
层层堆积而产生的这些岩石 It piles up in thick layers and gives rise to these rocks,
被我们称作石灰岩 which we call limestone,
是出现在海平面之下的山峰 and which emerge in peaks at each lowering of the sea level.
有时候 堆积起来的尸体不能转变成岩石 sometimes, this heap of corpses doesn't transform into rock,
而是慢慢融化成有机物 黑色且粘稠 but rather slowly melts down into an organic substance, viscous and black.
石油 Oil.
它存在于任何地方 It exists everywhere,
差不多在海床和陆地上 almost, on the seabeds and on land,
那些海洋曾在星球覆盖的地方 where the ocean once covered the planet.
我们开始抽取浅层的沉淀物 We began by pumping out the shallow deposits.
这些油气储备早已耗尽 But these reserves are already running out,
然后探寻得越来越远 越来越深 and we seek further and further, deeper and deeper.
我们现在探索沉积物 We're now exploring deposits
钻孔一直到七千米深 drilling up to 7,000-metres deep.
未来最后的石油蕴藏 The last reserves of oil tomorrow
将会在海中最难以接近的地区被发现 will be found in the most inaccessible zones of the sea.
这些火焰是浮游生物在燃烧 These flames are plankton burning,
生命在燃烧 life burning.
我们在全世界海洋上有两万个钻井平台 We have 20,000 oil rigs on the world's seas.
每一年 我们燃烧了 Every year, we burn the equivalent
相当于浮游生物一百万年的沉积量 of a million years of laying down of plankton.
我们的工业革命 Our industrial revolution
消耗了这个星球一亿年的碳储量 has cost the planet 100 million carbon years.
我们每年用超大型油轮运输二十亿吨的石油 We transport two billion tons of oil every year on board our supertankers,
那是现存最大的移动式建筑 which are the biggest mobile constructions that exist.
石油为我们的文明提供了主要的能源 Oil is the main source of energy for our civilisation.
这种能量推动我们超越极限 This energy propels us beyond all limits.
在它们巨大的货舱里 In their gigantic holds,
这些船承载了一部分海洋的生物地质史 these ships are carrying a part of the bio-geological history of the ocean.
随着这场革命 我们的生活变了 With this revolution, our lives have changed,
也改变了这个星球 that of the planet also.
我们对船的需求如此迫切 We need our ships so much
为了联通海洋 我们已将美洲一分为二 that we have cut America in two to link the seas.
我们创建了巴拿马运河 We created the Panama Canal,
一条八十公里的通道穿过丛林 a slash of 80-kilometres right through the jungle.
每年 一万三千艘船能走得更快更远 Every year, 13,000 ships can go faster and further.
每四十五分钟就有一艘船穿过山脉 A ship crosses the mountain every 45 minutes.
为了满足我们运河水闸的供水 To feed the locks of our canal,
我们建造了巨大的湖 we created an enormous lake,
加通湖 Lake Gatun,
用于储存雨水 which stocks rainwater.
当雨水稀少 When the rains are scarce,
运河就会有技术故障的风险 the canal risks technical failure.
原材料和天然气的储备 捕鲸船 Stocks of raw materials, gas, factory ships,
车辆运输船 巡逻船 transport of vehicles, cruise ships,
以及无数种船舶 an infinite diversity of vessels.
我们四分之三的商品都是 We transport three quarters of our merchandise
经远洋航线运输 by the ocean routes.
所有船中的旗舰就是集装箱货运船 The admiral ship of all our boats is the container ship,
船运载着数千完全一样的金属箱 ships carrying thousands of identical metal boxes.
世界的财富激励着我们的工厂 The riches of the world which power our factories
产生新的财富 这会给我们提供途径 produces new wealth, which gives us the means
使我们的村庄转变为巨大的城市 to transform our villages into immense cities.
这里是巴拿马城 这里曾经只是丛林 Here in Panama City, there was only jungle.
今日 财富在潮汐之间流入 Today, money is flowing in tides.
鹿特丹 德班 旧金山 新加坡 Rotterdam, Durban, San Francisco, Singapore,
我们的船在大陆之间编制了一个网 our ships weave a web between the continents.
海洋使我们的城镇汇聚成一个世界 The ocean brings together our towns into a single world.
所有的海上航线都聚集在亚洲 All the sea routes converge on Asia.
世界上顶尖的五十个港口 Of the top 50 ports in the world,
有十一个在中国 11 are in China.
并且最重要的就是上海 And the most important is shanghai.
位于一座三十四公里长桥的一端 It's located at one end of a 34-kilometre bridge,
夷平了公海上的一个岛屿 on an island in the open sea
用来建造淡水港 which was razed to build a freshwater port.
这是世界上最大的港口 It's the biggest port in the world.
码头周围数公里内 On the kilometres of quayside,
巨大的起重机每年要卸载 giant cranes unload every year
三千万个集装箱 30 million containers,
将在这里置换 转运 囤积 which will be exchanged, re-routed, stocked.
谁知道我们的箱子会去向哪里 Who knows where our boxes are going
其中又装了什么 and what they contain?
集装箱运输就像一场游戏 Container transport is like a game,
空箱子被装满 然后满箱子被倒空 of empty boxes to be filled, and full boxes to be emptied.
我们有六亿个集装箱在海中流转 We have 600 million containers circulating on the ocean.
它们是我们所创造世界的关键环节 They are the key link in the world we have created.
海洋让全球化成为可能 The ocean made globalisation possible.
需求是如此之大 The demand is so great
我们的集装箱货运船舰队 that our fleet of container ships
在十年之中增至三倍量 has tripled in under 10 years.
三千艘货船目前正在建造当中 Three thousand cargo ships are currently under construction
在韩国 中国 日本的船坞里 in the shipyards of Korea, China and Japan,
提供了世界船只总产量的百分之九十 which provide 90% of the world's production.
这里的一切都是极大的 Everything here is oversized.
巨大的船厂雇佣了超过一万名的工人 Gigantic yards employing more than 10,000 workers
修剪和扩展现有的船舶 cut and extend the existing ships.
我们装配的船舶超过四百米长 We assemble ships over 400-metres long,
有四个足球场那么大面积 the area of four football fields.
船舶行业持续不断地增长 This relentless growth of the ship industry
不过是对另一种工业需求的响应 is only responding to another industrial need.
全世界的工厂已经搬到这里来了 The world's factories have moved here.
海洋已经使我们的工业全球化成为可能 The ocean has enabled the globalisation of our industries.
一艘船就能把整个森林的木材 A single ship can bring an entire forest
带入我们的工厂 to our factories,
并把它变为为纸张 木板 家具 which transform it into paper, planks, furniture,
工业产品 manufactured products.
中国是世界上顶尖的原木进口国 China is the world's top importer of logs.
由于海洋的存在 没有森林能安然无恙 Thanks to the oceans, no forest is safe.
每年有超过五亿吨原材料由海路 Over 500 million tons of raw materials arrive in shanghai
抵达上海 every year by sea.
提供的原钢 煤炭 木材 铜 Supplies of crude steel, coal, wood, copper,
以及所有稀有的矿物 all the scarce minerals
是我们从整个星球所获得的 that we take from the planet.
在港口区附近 Right around the port zone,
我们的工厂使钢铁融化 our factories melt steel,
从而产生新的化学过程为其他的工厂 to produce a new chemistry for other factories
构造 装配并包装产品 which construct, assemble and wrap products
必将出口到全世界 destined to be exported all over the world.
七十亿人口的生活 The life of seven billion people
与世界的这一部分有了关联 is connected to this part of the world.
这些渔民在这里能捕捞什么 What can these fishermen catch here,
从工厂的废弃物之中 in the waste from the factories
且位于这个丧失人性的世界的中心 and at the heart of this dehumanised world?
四面延伸的城镇就像蘑菇一样发展迅速 Our tentacular towns sprout like mushrooms.
上海是我们中冲向最前头的象征 Shanghai is a symbol of our headlong rush.
三千两百万人口居住在特大城市上海 Twenty-three million people are living in the shanghai megalopolis.
超过六千栋建筑已从地面上涌现 Over 6,000 buildings have sprung from the earth.
两万个新的建筑工地正在进展当中 Twenty thousand new building sites are in progress,
建筑物疯狂地向着天空攀升 a frenzy of construction climbing towards the sky.
世界上每一个国家都梦想 Every country in the world dreams
有上海和中国那样的增长率 of having the growth rate of shanghai and China.
我们的城市正在扩大中超越了陆地 Our cities are spreading beyond the land,
不过应该把他们 but owe their fortune
财富的存在归功于处于海洋之门 to being at the gates of the ocean.
星球海洋已经变成我们的星球 Planet Ocean has become our planet.
但若是我们错了呢 But if we were wrong?
诞生我们的海洋 The ocean that we came from
似乎离我们今天越来越远 seems so far from us today.
在仅仅两百年间 In barely 200 years,
我们已经极端地 we have violently disrupted
破坏了四十亿年世界自然史 four billion years of the natural history of the world.
我们不再看到生命之美 We no longer see the beauty of life,
但仅能看到能为我们人类做什么 but only what it can do for our species,
能让我们生产什么 what it enables us to produce.
生活在附近的一切 Everything that lives around
都因我们的存在而遭受痛苦 us suffers from our existence.
我们去到的每个地方都会留下足迹 We leave footprints everywhere we go.
他们说这些抹香鲸正在头朝下做梦 They say these sperm whales are dreaming, head downward.
也许那是我们在做梦 Maybe it's us that's dreaming,
认为我们可以继续处于这样疯狂的增长之中 thinking that we can carry on in this frenzy of growth
而没有任何的后果 without any consequences.
我们有十万艘船 One hundred thousand of our ships
持续不断地交叉穿梭在我们星球的海洋上 crisscross the seas of our planet unceasingly.
我们的需求增长越多 The more our needs grow
我们的机器就变得数量更多 the more numerous our machines become.
不管我们做什么 No matter what we do,
我们的工业文明都 our industrial civilisation
正在破坏其周围的自然界 is destroying the natural world around it.
污染的风险对一切接近我们的事物 The risk of pollution has become a threat
都已变为一种威胁 to everything that comes near us.
我们巨大的引擎 Our gigantic motors
以小时计燃烧着汽油和石油 burn tons of petrol and oil by the hour.
我们朝着四面八方 We spit out polluting materials
将污染物排放进空气和海洋之中 in all directions into the air and the ocean.
在两极地区 永久冰盖正在融化 In the Polar Regions, the permanent ice cap is melting
这是由于全球变暖的缘故 as a result of global warming.
这里并没有工厂 没有机器 There are no factories here, no machines,
可是这种升温 and yet this heating up
是由我们自己的碳排放引起的 is caused by our own carbon emissions.
为我们的文明所需要的矿物能源 石油 Fossil energy, the oil we need for our civilisation,
正是导致海洋过热的原因 is causing the ocean to overheat.
但北极地区的融化有着另外一个 But the melting of the Arctic has another, 更
为严重的后果 more serious consequence.
在北部地区 北极永久冰盖的融化 In the North, the melting of the permanent Arctic ice caps
正在显露出辽阔的海洋 is revealing open ocean.
海水吸收了过去常常被冰所反射的 The waters absorb the solar heat that the ice used
太阳热量 to reflect back.
这种现象正在扩大 This phenomenon is amplified.
海洋自己本身正在促进这种变暖 The ocean itself is accelerating the warming.
在格陵兰岛 如同南极一般 In Greenland, as in the Antarctic,
覆盖在隆起地面上的冰川 the glaciers which cover the protruding land
是由淡水所组成的 are made of fresh water.
它们将融化而出的淡水流送入含盐的海中 Their melting sends streams of fresh water into the salty sea.
巨大的海洋气流循环 The great circulation of marine currents
环流全球并且调节气候的作用 that flow around the globe and regulate the climate
正在逐步地阻塞 is gradually blocking up.
这将会有什么样的后果 What will be the consequences?
在人类的记忆当中 In human memory,
对这样的改变从未有过任何经验 no such change has ever been experienced.
因此我们无法知道 So we can't know.
超过两万公里 Over 20,000-kilometres away,
离极地非常之远的地方 very far from the Polar Regions,
那里的气候改变已经有所影响 climate change is already having an effect.
从表面上看是无形的 It's invisible from the surface.
为了看到 To see it,
你必须潜至热带地区的暗礁之中 you have to dive to a reef in the tropics,
就像在伯利兹蓝洞的边缘 like on the edge of the Blue Hole in Belize,
世界上第二大的珊瑚礁 the second largest coral reef in the world.
珊瑚对温度的改变是高度敏感的 Corals are highly sensitive to changes in temperature.
在几星期之内小于一度的温差 A difference of less than one degree for a few weeks
就足以杀死它们 is enough to kill them.
仅有白色骨骼的暗礁残余 Only a reef of white skeletons remains.
这些白色的面积正在扩散 These white areas are spreading.
科学家们都非常担心 Scientists are very worried.
我们星球上四分之一的珊瑚 A quarter of corals on our planet
在过去的五十年间死亡 have died in the last 50 years.
直接的问题不是它们的死亡 The immediate problem is not their death,
而在于它们消失所带来的影响 but rather the impact of their disappearance.
死亡之后 它们什么也没有留下 Dying, they leave nothing behind.
海洋绿洲变成了荒原 The marine oasis becomes a desert.
向海中深入 Further out to sea,
广阔的海洋隐瞒了其他事实 the immensity of the ocean hides other facts.
珊瑚死亡之后 After the coral,
浮游生物的健康状况变得危险 it's the state of health of the plankton which becomes critical.
科学使命就是在我们刚刚开始发现的 Scientific missions are multiplying on this ocean
这片海洋中不断繁衍 that we are just beginning to discover.
他们设法理解海洋生物的改变 They're trying to understand what is going
将会发生什么 to change in marine life.
那些我们以之为食的生命 The life that feeds us.
似乎处于食物链基础部分的浮游生物 It seems that the plankton, the base of all the food chains,
正在前往极地 那里的水仍然温和 is moving toward the polar region where the waters are still temperate.
在五十年间 In 50 years,
它已经移动了一千两百公里到了 it has moved 1 ,200-kilometres
更为向北的地方 further northwards.
浮游生物的这种再分布 This redistribution of plankton
已经对海洋生命有了影响 is already having an effect on marine life.
每一年 大西洋牛鼻鲼移往 Every year, Cownose rays migrate
巴西和温带地区之间寻找食物 between Brazil and the temperate zones in search of food.
每一年 这种旅行都使它们去的更高一点 Every year, the journey takes them a little higher,
更北一点 a little further north.
全球变暖正在使海洋生态系统混乱 Global warming is disrupting the ecology of the ocean.
在这种变化之下 With this change,
我们的捕捞区域也发生着改变 our fishing territories are also changing.
但我知道我们不会阻止自己去捕鱼 But l know that we can't stop ourselves from fishing.
在智利 In Chile,
捕捞量占到了世界总量的四分之一 where a quarter of the world's tonnage is fished,
海洋供养了成千上万的传统渔民 the sea supports thousands of traditional fishermen
和他们的家庭 and their families.
许多人为了渔船而欠下沉重的债务 Many are heavily in debt to pay for their boats.
有商业价值的物种正变得稀有 Commercial species are becoming scarce,
因此他们开始转向剩下的物种 so they are turning to what remains.
在过去我们并不吃 We didn't eat Chilean sardine
远东拟沙丁鱼和秘鲁鳀 and Peruvian anchovy in the past.
但现在我们 But now we fish
每年捕捞超过一千万吨这些鱼 over 10 million tons of them per year.
单一的物种承受了非同寻常的压力 Extraordinary pressure on a single species,
在这些水中仅存的一个物种 the only one remaining in these waters.
一直沿着智利海岸 Right along the coast of Chile,
一股强有力的洋流从海洋的底部升起 a powerful current rises up from the bottom of the ocean.
其中仍有大量的浮游生物 It's still rich in plankton,
和数量充足的沙丁鱼 and the sardines are abundant.
这是一股涌升流 This is an upwelling current.
它搅动了海水 带来了营养物 It churns the water, bringing nutrients.
海豹和鸟来此捕食聚集在 Seals and birds come to hunt the small fish,
这种上升海水中的小鱼 which gather around these rising waters.
智利人用围网捕鱼 The Chileans fish with a seine,
一个长条的网可收起四十吨的捕捞量 a very long net that closes over 40 tons of catch.
每网五十万条鱼都被机器吸入进货舱 Five hundred thousand fish in each net that a machine sucks up into the hold.
尽管沙丁鱼仅能存活几年光景 Though sardines only live a few years,
但它们繁殖得极快 they reproduce rapidly.
这些蓝色的鱼 These blue fish
是最后仍然在这个世界坚守的鱼 are the last still holding out in this world.
我们并不吃这种鱼 We don't eat these fish.
我们捕捉它们来制作喂鱼料 We catch them to make fish meal.
喂鱼料用来饲养养殖的鱼 Fish meal which feeds farmed fish.
总计 每年饲养两千五百万吨的海鱼 In total, 25 million tons of sea fish are raised every year,
其中大多数产品都来自挪威和智利 most of the production coming from Norway and Chile.
我们仅养殖高市场价值的物种 We only raise species with high market value,
鲷鱼 鲑鱼还有鲈鱼 sea bream, salmon and bass.
每出产一公斤养殖的鱼 Four kilos of wild sardines
就需要四公斤野生的沙丁鱼 are needed to produce one kilo of farmed fish.
我们的水产养殖业的产业 Our fish farming is an industry based
是以野生资源为基础的 on a wild resource.
然而当不再有沙丁鱼的时候 And when there are no more sardines,
我们将会做什么呢 what will we do?
随着我们的资源耗尽 As our resources run out,
我们去到会越来越远的地方 we go further and further.
公海是自由的地带 The high seas are a free zone.
三分之二的海洋属于每个人 Two-thirds of the ocean belongs to everyone,
也因此意味着不属于任何人 and so to no one,
所以就属于第一个使用的人 and so belongs to the first to use it.
离开西非海岸 Off the coast of West Africa,
流氓船主会派遣贫穷的渔民 rogue ship-owners send poor fishermen
去掠夺最后的鱼类富产区 to pillage the last zones rich in fish.
在他们摇晃的船上的这些人 On their ramshackle boats,
是毫无约束的 these men are abandoned,
如若幸运的话 他们带着口粮 with rations arriving once a month,
每个月都能来一次 if they're lucky.
船中之人 Men in boats
看起来似乎对大家毫无价值可言 that seem to have no value for anyone.
在毛里塔尼亚 In Mauritania,
努瓦迪布的口岸 the port of Nouadhibou
已变成海盗渔船的墓场 has become a graveyard of pirate fishing ships.
数以百计的船只在这个海岸被劫持 Hundreds of boats seized off this coast,
被抛弃的沉船 abandoned wrecks,
很可能早已被其他船只所取代 probably already replaced by other ships.
海盗船聚集在最无足轻重的警戒区 The pirate boats gather in the least watched zones,
类似非洲的防御区 like the African sector.
在远海 Out at sea,
非法的船只转移他们的货物 the illegal ships transfer their cargo
到拥有授权的船只之上 onto authorised ships
这样就能够将他们的捕捞物 to be able to sell their catch legally
在国际市场合法化售出 on the international markets.
一些人估计这种非法捕捞的数量 some estimates rank this illegal fishing
在两千六百万吨 at 26 million tons of catch,
占到全球总量的四分之一 a quarter of the global total.
利益统治着海洋 Profit rules the seas.
在海中 In the sea,
捕食者数量的百分之九十已经消失了 90% of the biomass of the predators has disappeared.
其中最后一个是北方蓝鳍金枪鱼 One of the last of them, the Atlantic bluefin tuna,
正在濒临灭绝 is on the verge of extinction.
虽然如此 在地中海捕捞却是合法的 Nevertheless, it is fished legally in the Mediterranean,
而这里竟是这一物种来此繁殖的 one of the last refuges of this species,
最终避难所之一 which comes here to reproduce.
金枪鱼被一张十分巨大且合拢起来 The tuna are captured in a very large net
就像一支钢笔的网所捕获 which shuts like a pen.
它们活着被拖拽回去 The catch is towed back alive,
然后屠杀之前在养殖场养肥 then fattened up in a farm before slaughter,
接着销往国际市场 then sold on international markets.
这些鱼是奢华的资源 These fish are a luxury resource.
顶级品质的金枪鱼重达三百公斤 A top quality tuna can weigh 300 kilos
并能以超过五十万欧元的价格成交 and be sold for over 500,000 euros.
堕落和谎言无处不在 Corruption and lies are everywhere.
金枪鱼捕捞队 The tuna fishing fleets
可以获得数百万欧元的欧洲补贴 benefit from millions of euros of European subsidies.
我们并不遵循限额 We respect no quotas,
我们根本就没有采取 we don't take any precautions
任何措施去保护这些物种 at all for the preservation of the species.
照这样下去 At this rate,
金枪鱼将会在几年之内灭绝 the tuna will be extinct within a few years.
我们耗尽了这共同的利益 We deplete this common good
因为它们不属于任何人 because it belongs to no one
而且它带来了大量的金钱 and it brings in a lot of money.
然而未来 我们还能剩下些什么呢 And tomorrow, what will we have left?
如今 四百个海洋区域已被宣布废弃 Today, there are 400 marine areas which have been declared dead,
缺乏资源 或是甚至无法维持生存 empty of resources, or even incapable of sustaining life.
另外的物种在激增 Other species are proliferating.
水母已经存活在地球上差不多十亿年了 Jellyfish have existed on Earth for almost a billion years.
它们已在各种已知类型的灭绝之中 They have survived all known types
存活了下来 of extinction.
红色金枪鱼曾是它们的天敌之一 Red tuna were one of their predators.
金枪鱼的消失动摇了一千年以来的平衡 The disappearance of the tuna destabilises a millennial balance.
遍及整个海洋 科学家们和渔民们 All over the ocean, scientists and fishermen
都正在注意到越来越多的水母 are noticing more and more jellyfish.
海洋正在变成一大团胶质 The ocean is becoming a mass of gelatine,
而且这个不平衡会是一个静候我们的陷阱 and this imbalance is a trap waiting for us.
远离陆地 远离我所生活的地方 Far from the land, far from where I live,
海洋正在向我们隐瞒另外一个事实 the ocean is hiding from us another fact.
洋流正在将我们的化学成分散开 The currents are dispersing our chemistry,
这些工业产生的污染物贯穿了全球 the pollutants of our industrial creation across the whole globe.
每平方公里平均就有超过四万六千件塑料 More than 46,000 pieces of plastic per square kilometre on average
穿过海洋 across all seas.
塑料污染杀死了这些来自我家乡的鸟 What is killing these birds comes from my home,
即使我生活在离这里数千公里远的地方 even though I live thousands of kilometres from here.
我们每年向海中倾倒六十亿公斤 We tip six billion kilos of plastic waste per
生物塑料废弃物 year into the sea.
塑料制品并不能分解 Plastic, which doesn't decompose,
但却成了微小的碎片 but which micro-fragments.
这些鸟正在吃什么 What these birds are eating,
鱼将来就会吃什么 the fish will eat,
转而将被我吃掉 and in turn l will eat
当我们为了捕鱼 为了我们的渔场 as we delve into the ocean for our fishing,
而去深入海洋之中 for our fisheries.
污染海洋这一点 Polluting the ocean to this point
意味着毒害我们自己 means poisoning ourselves.
海洋是如此广阔 The ocean is so vast
以至于我们最初相信其中有无尽的资源 that we came to believe it had infinite resources.
我们错了 We were wrong.
海洋星球事实上仅有有限的恢复能力 The ocean planet in reality has only a limited capacity for renewal,
我们就必须学着去规划 which we have to learn to manage.
那就是为何 自从旷古以来 That's why, since the dawn of time,
生活在地球上的每一种生物 everything that lives on Earth
都要遵守规律和限制 respects rhythms and limits.
那就是自然平衡的著名法则的起源 That's the origin of the famous law of natural equilibrium.
为了自己 我想留在地球上 For myself, I want to stay on the Earth.
我想明天在我们生活的星球上 I want to have a place tomorrow
能有一个住所 on our living planet.
很长时间 我观察这些鱼 For a long time, I watched these fish.
我认为我有点像它们 l think l am a little like them.
在一个团体中 我进行了相同的进化 I evolve through consensus, in a group.
虽然我了解我们发生了什么 Even if I understand what's happening to us,
我无法就这样选择 I can't just choose
在根本上改变事物这样下去的方式 to radically change the way things are going.
但也许我们共有的意识将会引发连锁反应 But maybe our shared awareness will trigger a chain reaction
并拯救人类 and save our species.
我想要相信我们能及时做出反应 l want to believe that we can react in time.
二十年前 在里约 Twenty years ago, in Rio,
人们为了一个关于地球未来的重大会议 people came together for a major conference
而聚在了一起 on the future of the Earth.
那是在1992年 That was in 1992.
那一年 In that year,
我们的政治精英为两千五百份建议而投票 our political elites voted for 2,500 recommendations
是为了保护星球 for protecting the planet.
我曾相信那是新纪元开始的一种象征 I believed that was the symbolic beginning of a new era.
但它仅仅曾是漫漫长路的开始 But it was only the beginning of a long road.
自那时起 发生了什么事呢 since then, what has happened?
出现了其他的会议 其他的地球峰会 There have been other conferences, other Earth summits,
却几乎没有任何结果 with very little result.
危险的因素包括不得人心的决议 The risk of unpopular decision,
竞争 堕落 消极怠工 competition, corruption, passivity,
这些阻止了任何的行动 have prevented any action.
但我们 人类 But we, humanity,
在过去的二十年间的发展 have made an enormous leap forward
已有了巨大的飞跃 in the last 20 years.
我们的意识已有所进步 Our awareness has evolved.
我们正在担心环境的问题 We are worried about the issue of the environment.
但那还远远不够 But that's not yet enough.
时间正在赶上我们 Time is catching up with us.
照这样下去 At this rate,
我们将朝着大灾难的方向而去 we are headed for catastrophe.
最为打击的是 What's striking is
我们并无法看到将会发生了什么 that we don't see what's happening.
即使处在这座面对海洋的城市中心 Even at the heart of this city facing the ocean,
令人厌恶的污染物 the disgusting pollution
意味着我们无法进入海中 means we cannot go into the sea.
我们为了游泳不得不将游泳池 We had to build a pool to swim
建造在世界上最美丽的海湾之中 in the most beautiful bay in the world,
海湾已变成了对我们健康造成威胁的地方 the bay which has become dangerous to our health.
在里约 就像在世界任意的地方一样 In Rio, like everywhere in the world,
我们建造巨像 不朽的象征 we built a colossus, a symbol of eternity,
似乎能够保护我们自己 as if to protect ourselves.
他凝视着海洋 但他能为我们做什么呢 He contemplates the ocean, but what can he do for us?
没有宗教 没有信仰将能拯救我们 No religion, no belief will save us.
这并不是一个信任天堂誓言的时代 It's not a time for believing in the promises of heaven.
只有我们的智慧 Only our intelligence
能够使我们预知未来并为之准备 enables us to foresee and prepare our future.
我们仍然可以改变方向 We can still change direction.
仍然还有时间去设想 There's still time to imagine a humanist
人道主义和和管理地球的责任 and responsible stewardship of the planet.
为了保持我们的海洋星球 To remain on our ocean planet.
『有了解决的方案』
『遵循限额』
『停止为工业捕捞提供补贴』
『永久禁止深海捕捞』
『促进小规模捕捞』
『只购买有环保标签的鱼』
『鼓励负责任捕鱼』
『控制污染』
『有节制的深海开发』
『维持南极条约』
『为北极设立条约』
『海洋生物多样性的80%仍是未知的』
『我们必须要在研发上投资』
『以及保护我们海洋的遗传基因』
『保护整个生态系统』
『如此海洋生命才能恢复』
『在2012年受到保护的海洋区域仅占海洋的1%』
『到2020年让我们来保护海洋的20%』
『到设想海洋国际管理工作的时候了』
『让我们现在行动吧』
http://bbs.3e-online.com 2013.05.23 ================================================ 本字幕仅供学习交流,转载请注明出处 ================================================ 翻译:akaoge 校对/时间轴/监制:风停了 后期:剑齿虎