1 00:00:03,966 --> 00:00:06,900 DAVID EAGLEMAN: WHAT DOES A BRAIN NEED TO BE HEALTHY? 戴维·埃格莱曼（David EAGLEMAN）：什么是大脑健康？ 2 00:00:09,133 --> 00:00:11,866 WELL, IT NEEDS NUTRIENTS FROM THE FOOD YOU EAT, 好吧，它需要您吃的食物中的营养， 3 00:00:11,966 --> 00:00:13,866 IT NEEDS OXYGEN FROM YOUR BLOOD, 它需要血液中的氧气， 4 00:00:13,966 --> 00:00:15,366 PLENTY OF WATER 很多水 5 00:00:15,466 --> 00:00:18,933 BUT THERE'S SOMETHING ELSE, SOMETHING EQUALLY AS IMPORTANT. 但是还有其他一些重要的事情。 6 00:00:19,033 --> 00:00:21,000 IT NEEDS OTHER PEOPLE. 它需要其他人。 7 00:00:21,100 --> 00:00:22,933 [CHEERING] [加油] 8 00:00:31,466 --> 00:00:35,700 DAVID EAGLEMAN: HUMAN BEINGS ARE EXTREMELY SOCIAL CREATURES. 大卫·埃格勒曼（David EAGLEMAN）：人类是极端的社会文化。 9 00:00:35,800 --> 00:00:39,866 WE COME TOGETHER, WE TEAM UP, 我们在一起，我们团结起来， 10 00:00:39,966 --> 00:00:44,966 WE SHARE MOMENTS OF INTENSE JOY AND DISAPPOINTMENT. 我们分享欢乐与失落的时刻。 11 00:00:45,066 --> 00:00:46,333 [YELLS INDISTINCTLY] [直截了当] 12 00:00:46,433 --> 00:00:48,666 WE DON'T JUST SEEK OUT OTHER PEOPLE TO HAVE A GOOD TIME. 我们不会寻求其他人度过美好的时光。 13 00:00:48,766 --> 00:00:50,700 YOUR BRAIN FUNCTION DEPENDS 您的大脑功能取决于 14 00:00:50,800 --> 00:00:53,533 ON THE SOCIAL WEB THAT YOU'RE IN. 在您所在的社交网络上。 15 00:00:53,633 --> 00:00:56,433 YOUR NEURONS REQUIRE OTHER PEOPLE'S NEURONS 您的神经元需要其他人的神经元 16 00:00:56,533 --> 00:00:59,700 TO THRIVE AND SURVIVE. 力求生存。 17 00:00:59,800 --> 00:01:02,033 I WANT TO SHOW YOU HOW OUR BRAINS 我想告诉你我们的大脑 18 00:01:02,133 --> 00:01:05,233 ARE FUNDAMENTALLY WIRED TO WORK TOGETHER... 根本要一起工作... 19 00:01:07,466 --> 00:01:11,533 HOW THIS SOCIAL NETWORK THAT ENVELOPS US FROM BIRTH 这个社交网络如何使我们从出生开始 20 00:01:11,633 --> 00:01:14,233 IS VITAL FOR OUR SURVIVAL. 对我们的生存至关重要。 21 00:01:15,466 --> 00:01:17,466 [LAUGHS] [笑声] 22 00:01:17,566 --> 00:01:19,066 YEAH? OK! 是啊 23 00:01:19,166 --> 00:01:20,933 EAGLEMAN, VOICE-OVER: UNDERSTANDING HOW BRAINS EAGLEMAN，配音：理解大脑如何 24 00:01:21,033 --> 00:01:23,533 DEAL WITH EACH OTHER ALLOWS US 与其他各方的交易允许我们 25 00:01:23,633 --> 00:01:26,900 TO UNDERSTAND WHAT BONDS OUR SPECIES, 要了解我们种类的优势， 26 00:01:27,000 --> 00:01:30,400 DRIVING US TO HELP ONE ANOTHER. 驱使我们帮助另一个人。 27 00:01:30,500 --> 00:01:32,366 AND WHAT MAKES US HATE... 什么使我们讨厌... 28 00:01:33,733 --> 00:01:37,366 WHAT ALLOWS ACTS OF HUMAN VIOLENCE. 允许人为暴力的行为。 29 00:01:37,466 --> 00:01:41,366 IT HELPS US TO MAKE SENSE OF OUR PAST 它有助于我们了解我们的过去 30 00:01:41,466 --> 00:01:44,433 AND HOLDS THE KEY TO OUR FUTURE. 并掌握着我们未来的钥匙。 31 00:01:56,000 --> 00:01:58,400 EAGLEMAN: THERE ARE 7 BILLION PEOPLE EAGLEMAN：有70亿人 32 00:01:58,500 --> 00:02:00,666 LIVING TODAY-- 今日生活 33 00:02:00,766 --> 00:02:02,866 7 BILLION BRAINS 70亿大脑 34 00:02:02,966 --> 00:02:06,466 MOVING, CHOOSING, ACTING, 移动，选择，活动， 35 00:02:06,566 --> 00:02:11,166 BELIEVING, AND CONNECTING WITH OTHER BRAINS. 相信并与其他大脑联系。 36 00:02:13,033 --> 00:02:15,800 BRAINS ARE TRADITIONALLY STUDIED IN ISOLATION. 大脑是传统上被隔离的。 37 00:02:15,900 --> 00:02:17,900 BUT, IN FACT, MUCH OF CIRCUITRY OF THE BRAIN 但实际上，大脑的电路很多 38 00:02:18,000 --> 00:02:20,633 HAS TO DO WITH OTHER BRAINS. 与其他大脑有关。 39 00:02:20,733 --> 00:02:23,133 WE'RE FUNDAMENTALLY SOCIAL CREATURES. 我们是基础社交活动。 40 00:02:23,233 --> 00:02:26,966 AND OUR SOCIETY IS A COMPLEX WEB OF INTERACTION. 我们的社会是一个复杂的互动网络。 41 00:02:27,066 --> 00:02:29,466 ON ANY NORMAL DAY, WE INTERSECT 在任何正常的日子，我们都会交流 42 00:02:29,566 --> 00:02:31,933 WITH AN ENORMOUS NUMBER OF PEOPLE. 人数众多。 43 00:02:33,500 --> 00:02:35,066 EAGLEMAN, VOICE-OVER: OUR LIVES ARE BUILT EAGLEMAN，配音：我们的生活正在建立 44 00:02:35,166 --> 00:02:36,733 ON THESE INTERSECTIONS, 在这些交叉路口， 45 00:02:36,833 --> 00:02:39,400 NOT JUST BETWEEN US AND OUR FAMILY 不只是我们和我们的家人之间 46 00:02:39,500 --> 00:02:42,566 AND FRIENDS AND WORK COLLEAGUES, 和朋友以及工作伙伴， 47 00:02:42,666 --> 00:02:46,633 BUT ALSO BETWEEN THEM AND THE PEOPLE THEY MEET. 但是他们和人们之间也相遇。 48 00:02:51,666 --> 00:02:54,733 EVEN THE MOST BASIC ENCOUNTER... 即使是最基本的遭遇... 49 00:02:54,833 --> 00:02:56,733 LIKE GETTING A CUP OF COFFEE... 像喝杯咖啡... 50 00:02:56,833 --> 00:02:59,900 EAGLEMAN, VOICE-OVER: RELIES ON TRUST WITH A STRANGER. EAGLEMAN，配音：与陌生人信任。 51 00:03:00,000 --> 00:03:01,133 CAN I GET A LATTE, PLEASE? 请给我拿点钱好吗？ 52 00:03:01,233 --> 00:03:03,300 DEFINITELY. THANKS. 肯定地。 53 00:03:05,000 --> 00:03:06,300 EAGLEMAN, VOICE-OVER: EVERYWHERE WE LOOK, EAGLEMAN，旁白：无论我们在哪里寻找， 54 00:03:06,400 --> 00:03:09,433 WE SEE COMPLEX SOCIAL INTERACTIONS-- 我们看到了复杂的社会互动- 55 00:03:09,533 --> 00:03:12,133 RELATIONSHIPS FORMING AND BREAKING, 关系的形成与破裂， 56 00:03:12,233 --> 00:03:14,833 BONDS OF LOVE AND SUPPORT, 爱与支持的结合 57 00:03:14,933 --> 00:03:17,233 SOCIAL NETWORKING. 社交网络。 58 00:03:17,333 --> 00:03:22,433 WE CLUMP INTO LARGE GROUPS TO SHARE OUR KNOWLEDGE. 我们聚集到大群人中分享我们的知识。 59 00:03:22,533 --> 00:03:24,966 WE GOT ALL THESE RANDOM SPOTS IN YOUR BRAIN 我们在您的大脑中找到了所有这些随机点 60 00:03:25,066 --> 00:03:26,366 THAT GET WIRED UP 烦死了 61 00:03:26,466 --> 00:03:28,133 INTO AN ASSOCIATIVE NEURAL NETWORK. 进入关联神经网络。 62 00:03:28,233 --> 00:03:30,366 EAGLEMAN, VOICE-OVER: WE WORK TO IMPRESS EACH OTHER. EAGLEMAN，配音：我们努力给彼此留下深刻的印象。 63 00:03:30,466 --> 00:03:31,900 AND WE SWAP IDEAS. 和我们交换想法。 64 00:03:32,000 --> 00:03:33,166 I'LL STICK AROUND FOR ANY QUESTIONS 我会贴在任何问题上 65 00:03:33,266 --> 00:03:34,400 THAT ANYONE HAS. 有人。 66 00:03:34,500 --> 00:03:35,400 THANK YOU. 谢谢。 67 00:03:35,500 --> 00:03:36,600 [APPLAUSE] [掌声] 68 00:03:38,466 --> 00:03:40,033 EAGLEMAN, VOICE-OVER: MOST RESEARCH LOOKS AT EAGLEMAN，配音：大多数研究都在 69 00:03:40,133 --> 00:03:41,400 ONE BRAIN AT A TIME, 一次一个大脑 70 00:03:41,500 --> 00:03:43,233 BUT THAT MISSES THE FACT 但事实真相 71 00:03:43,333 --> 00:03:45,733 THAT A GREAT DEAL OF OUR BRAIN ACTIVITY 这是我们大脑活动的一大笔交易 72 00:03:45,833 --> 00:03:48,900 IS DEDICATED TO COMMUNICATING WITH EACH OTHER, 致力于与其他人交流， 73 00:03:49,000 --> 00:03:51,300 INTERPRETING EACH OTHER. 相互解释。 74 00:03:51,400 --> 00:03:54,233 OUR SOCIAL DRIVE IS DEEPLY ROOTED 我们的社会动力根深蒂固 75 00:03:54,333 --> 00:03:57,066 IN OUR NEURAL CIRCUITRY. 在我们的神经网络中。 76 00:04:00,400 --> 00:04:02,966 TAKE A LOOK AT THIS FILM FROM THE 1940s. 请看一下1940年代的电影。 77 00:04:03,066 --> 00:04:05,533 WHAT DO YOU SEE HAPPENING HERE? 您在这里看到了什么？ 78 00:04:05,633 --> 00:04:08,666 IS THIS JUST A SIMPLE ANIMATION OF SOME SHAPES 这只是某些形状的简单动画 79 00:04:08,766 --> 00:04:10,633 OR SOMETHING MORE? 还是更多？ 80 00:04:10,733 --> 00:04:12,666 DO YOU SEE A CHASE? 你看到了吗？ 81 00:04:12,766 --> 00:04:15,333 A FIGHT? A LOVE STORY? 打架？ 82 00:04:17,166 --> 00:04:18,633 THE BIG ONE SEEMS TO BE PUSHING 即将推出的第一大项目 83 00:04:18,733 --> 00:04:20,233 THE LITTLE ONE AROUND. 很小的一个。 84 00:04:20,333 --> 00:04:21,766 SEEMS LIKE THE TWO TRIANGLES 像两个三角形的面 85 00:04:21,866 --> 00:04:24,466 ARE IN A LITTLE BIT OF A SQUABBLE. 有点争吵。 86 00:04:24,566 --> 00:04:26,366 THERE ARE RELATIONSHIPS HERE 这里有关系 87 00:04:26,466 --> 00:04:28,633 IN TERMS OF ONE IS MORE DOMINANT 在一个术语中占主导地位 88 00:04:28,733 --> 00:04:29,900 THAN THE OTHER. 比其他人。 89 00:04:31,500 --> 00:04:33,233 EAGLEMAN, VOICE-OVER: BACK IN THE 1940s, EAGLEMAN，配音：早在1940年代， 90 00:04:33,333 --> 00:04:36,566 PSYCHOLOGISTS FRITZ HEIDER AND MARIANNE SIMMEL 心理学家弗里茨·海德和玛丽安·西梅尔 91 00:04:36,666 --> 00:04:40,100 CREATED THIS FILM AS PART OF AN EXPERIMENT. 在实验中创建了此影片。 92 00:04:40,200 --> 00:04:42,100 THE BALL DOESN'T SEEM TO WANT TO BE IN THERE. 球不容错过。 93 00:04:42,200 --> 00:04:43,300 IT'S FREAKING OUT. 吓坏了。 94 00:04:43,400 --> 00:04:44,600 IT'S SCARED. 它的规模。 95 00:04:44,700 --> 00:04:46,166 IT LOOKS LIKE A TRAP TO ME. 它看起来像对我的陷阱。 96 00:04:46,266 --> 00:04:48,400 IT LOOKS LIKE THE SMALL TRIANGLE 它看起来像小三角形 97 00:04:48,500 --> 00:04:49,833 IS BEING SHUT OUT 正在关闭 98 00:04:49,933 --> 00:04:52,066 AND, LIKE, TRYING TO PEER IN. 并且，喜欢尝试加入。 99 00:04:52,166 --> 00:04:54,200 THEY ARE PAIRED IN A WAY 他们被配对 100 00:04:54,300 --> 00:04:55,633 THAT SEEMS FRIENDLY. 如此友好。 101 00:04:55,733 --> 00:04:57,400 YEAH! THIS IS REALLY FUN. 是的！ 102 00:04:57,500 --> 00:04:59,000 IT'S FUN, RIGHT? HA HA! 很有趣，对吗？ 103 00:04:59,100 --> 00:05:01,700 EAGLEMAN, VOICE-OVER: WHAT HEIDER AND SIMMEL FOUND, EAGLEMAN，旁白：海德和西梅尔发现了什么， 104 00:05:01,800 --> 00:05:05,633 AS I DID, IS HOW EASY IT IS TO LOOK AT MOVING SHAPES 正如我所做的那样，如何轻松地移动形状 105 00:05:05,733 --> 00:05:09,633 AND TO SEE MEANING AND MOTIVES AND EMOTION 并查看含义，动机和情绪 106 00:05:09,733 --> 00:05:13,000 ALL IN THE FORM OF A SOCIAL NARRATIVE. 全部采用社交叙事的形式。 107 00:05:14,466 --> 00:05:15,433 I KIND OF GET THE SENSE THAT 我喜欢那种感觉 108 00:05:15,533 --> 00:05:17,200 THEY'RE CATS AND DOGS. 他们是猫和狗。 109 00:05:17,300 --> 00:05:18,333 IT SEEMED LIKE THE BIG ONE MIGHT HAVE BEEN, 好像已经发生了一次大事故， 110 00:05:18,433 --> 00:05:20,566 LIKE HIS, UH, HIS DAD OR SOMETHING. 像他，呃，他爸爸还是其他。 111 00:05:20,666 --> 00:05:22,166 JUST CALL IT MORE OF, LIKE, A MATING RITUAL 只需打电话，就可以了 112 00:05:22,266 --> 00:05:25,200 TWO COMPETITORS GOING FOR ONE POSSIBLE MATE. 两名竞争者将参加一场可能的比赛。 113 00:05:28,400 --> 00:05:30,900 EAGLEMAN: THESE ARE JUST SHAPES ON A SCREEN, EAGLEMAN：这些只是屏幕上的形状， 114 00:05:31,000 --> 00:05:33,233 BUT WE CAN'T HELP BUT TELL STORIES ABOUT THEM. 但是我们无法提供有关它们的故事。 115 00:05:33,333 --> 00:05:35,900 WHY? IT'S BECAUSE OUR BRAINS ARE SO PRIMED 为什么？ 116 00:05:36,000 --> 00:05:38,066 FOR SOCIAL INTERACTION 促进社会互动 117 00:05:38,166 --> 00:05:42,300 THAT WE LOOK FOR INTENTION AND RELATIONSHIPS ALL AROUND US. 我们寻找与我们周围的意图和关系。 118 00:05:43,666 --> 00:05:45,933 ONE WAY WE NAVIGATE THE SOCIAL WORLD IS 我们驾驭社会世界的一种方式 119 00:05:46,033 --> 00:05:49,200 BY JUDGING OTHER PEOPLE'S INTENTIONS. 通过判断其他人的意图。 120 00:05:50,833 --> 00:05:52,566 IS SHE TRYING TO BE HELPFUL? 她在努力吗？ 121 00:05:54,666 --> 00:05:57,300 ARE WE A TRUSTWORTHY TEAM? 我们是值得信赖的团队吗？ 122 00:05:57,400 --> 00:06:00,166 OUR BRAINS ARE GOOD AT MAKING THESE SORTS OF JUDGMENTS. 我们的大脑很好地做出了这些判断。 123 00:06:00,266 --> 00:06:02,466 AND WE DO IT CONSTANTLY. 而且我们会不断地做到。 124 00:06:02,566 --> 00:06:06,133 BUT DO WE LEARN THIS SKILL FROM LIFE EXPERIENCE, 但是我们要从生活经验中学到这一技能， 125 00:06:06,233 --> 00:06:08,333 OR ARE WE BORN WITH IT? 还是我们对此感到厌倦？ 126 00:06:10,400 --> 00:06:12,466 TO FIGURE OUT WHICH ONE IT IS, 要弄清楚是哪一个， 127 00:06:12,566 --> 00:06:13,900 I'VE INVITED OVER SOME PEOPLE 我已经邀请了一些人 128 00:06:14,000 --> 00:06:16,433 WHO DON'T HAVE MUCH EXPERIENCE WITH THE WORLD. 谁没有与世界相处的经验。 129 00:06:18,633 --> 00:06:21,333 I'VE INVITED THEM TO A PUPPET SHOW. 我已邀请他们参加人偶秀。 130 00:06:23,066 --> 00:06:26,300 THESE BABIES ARE ALL UNDER 12 MONTHS OLD. 这些婴儿都已不到12个月大。 131 00:06:26,400 --> 00:06:29,966 THEY'RE JUST BEGINNING TO EXPLORE THE WORLD AROUND THEM. 他们只是在开始探索周围的世界。 132 00:06:30,066 --> 00:06:32,433 YOU COULD SAY THEY'RE ALL A LITTLE SHORT 您可能会说他们全都是小短裤 133 00:06:32,533 --> 00:06:35,066 ON LIFE EXPERIENCE. 生活经验。 134 00:06:35,166 --> 00:06:38,233 WE DECIDED TO RUN A SIMPLE EXPERIMENT 我们决定进行简单的实验 135 00:06:38,333 --> 00:06:40,100 DEVELOPED AT YALE UNIVERSITY. 在耶鲁大学开发。 136 00:06:44,266 --> 00:06:47,533 HERE'S A DUCK STRUGGLING TO OPEN A BOX. 一只鸭子在挣扎着打开盒子。 137 00:06:51,433 --> 00:06:53,966 ONE BEAR HELPS THE DUCK. 一只熊帮助鸭子。 138 00:06:59,333 --> 00:07:03,166 THE OTHER IS MEAN TO THE DUCK. 另一个对鸭子很重要。 139 00:07:05,900 --> 00:07:08,966 OK, BOWIE, HERE YOU GO. THERE ARE TWO PUPPETS... OK，BOWIE，您在这里。 140 00:07:09,066 --> 00:07:11,300 EAGLEMAN, VOICE-OVER: WHEN THE SHOW'S OVER, EAGLEMAN，语音结束：当节目结束时， 141 00:07:11,400 --> 00:07:13,000 I LET THE BABIES CHOOSE A BEAR TO PLAY WITH. 我让婴儿选择一只熊来玩。 142 00:07:13,100 --> 00:07:15,100 ...WANT TO PLAY WITH? ...想玩吗？ 143 00:07:15,200 --> 00:07:17,533 YEAH? OK, IS THAT THE ONE YOU WANT? ALL RIGHT. 是啊 144 00:07:17,633 --> 00:07:19,766 EAGLEMAN, VOICE-OVER: ALMOST EVERY ONE OF THEM EAGLEMAN，语音结束：几乎每个人中的一个 145 00:07:19,866 --> 00:07:22,300 CHOOSES THE BEAR THAT'S BEEN KIND. 选择那种熊。 146 00:07:22,400 --> 00:07:23,966 [LAUGHS] [笑声] 147 00:07:24,066 --> 00:07:26,233 THESE BABIES CAN'T WALK OR TALK. 这些婴儿不能走路或说话。 148 00:07:26,333 --> 00:07:28,100 AND YET THEY ALREADY HAVE THE TOOLS 并且他们已经有了工具 149 00:07:28,200 --> 00:07:30,800 TO MAKE JUDGMENTS ABOUT OTHERS. 对其他人做出判断。 150 00:07:32,166 --> 00:07:34,100 YEAH? OK! 是啊 151 00:07:35,833 --> 00:07:37,666 IT'S OFTEN ASSUMED THAT TRUST IS SOMETHING 人们常常认为信任是存在的 152 00:07:37,766 --> 00:07:40,066 THAT WE LEARN FROM OUR EXPERIENCE IN THE WORLD. 我们从世界经验中学到的东西。 153 00:07:40,166 --> 00:07:41,900 BUT THESE EXPERIMENTS DEMONSTRATE 但是这些实验证明了 154 00:07:42,000 --> 00:07:44,066 THAT EVEN AS BABIES, WE COME EQUIPPED 即使是婴儿，我们也配备了 155 00:07:44,166 --> 00:07:45,400 WITH SOCIAL ANTENNAE 与社交天线 156 00:07:45,500 --> 00:07:48,066 FOR FEELING OUR WAY THROUGH THE WORLD. 感受我们穿越世界的方式。 157 00:07:48,166 --> 00:07:50,566 THE BRAIN COMES WITH INBORN INSTINCTS 脑部出现了感染 158 00:07:50,666 --> 00:07:51,966 FOR FIGURING OUT WHO'S TRUSTWORTHY 阐明世卫组织的信誉 159 00:07:52,066 --> 00:07:53,566 AND WHO'S NOT. 而且不是。 160 00:07:53,666 --> 00:07:54,900 [BABY TALK] [宝宝说话] 161 00:07:56,200 --> 00:07:57,833 EAGLEMAN, VOICE-OVER: AS WE GROW, EAGLEMAN，配音：随着我们的成长， 162 00:07:57,933 --> 00:08:02,066 OUR SOCIAL CHALLENGES BECOME EVEN MORE SUBTLE AND COMPLEX. 我们的社会挑战变得更加微妙而复杂。 163 00:08:04,066 --> 00:08:05,633 UNDERSTANDING OTHERS IS 了解别人是 164 00:08:05,733 --> 00:08:07,733 ONE OF THE MOST DEMANDING OPERATIONS 最苛刻的操作之一 165 00:08:07,833 --> 00:08:09,500 THAT OUR BRAINS PERFORM. 我们的大脑表现出色。 166 00:08:11,166 --> 00:08:14,033 THEY HAVE TO INTERPRET WORDS. 他们必须解释单词。 167 00:08:14,133 --> 00:08:16,300 AND, MORE THAN THAT, INFLECTION, 而且，不仅如此， 168 00:08:16,400 --> 00:08:20,433 FACIAL EXPRESSIONS, BODY LANGUAGE. 面部表情，身体语言。 169 00:08:20,533 --> 00:08:22,833 "DOES SHE LIKE ME?" “她喜欢我吗？” 170 00:08:24,700 --> 00:08:27,000 "IS HE INTERESTED IN WHAT I'M SAYING?" “他对我在说什么感兴趣吗？” 171 00:08:28,800 --> 00:08:30,500 "DO THEY WANT MY HELP?" “他们想要我的帮助吗？” 172 00:08:32,200 --> 00:08:34,900 SOCIETY RUNS ON OUR ABILITY 社会依靠我们的能力 173 00:08:35,000 --> 00:08:38,600 TO READ EACH OTHER'S SOCIAL SIGNALS. 阅读彼此的社会信号。 174 00:08:38,700 --> 00:08:41,066 TAKE THAT ABILITY AWAY 承担能力 175 00:08:41,166 --> 00:08:45,233 AND THE WORLD BECOMES A VERY STRANGE PLACE. 世界变得非常奇怪。 176 00:08:52,666 --> 00:08:56,400 CAR ENTHUSIAST JOHN ROBISON HAS ALWAYS STRUGGLED 车迷约翰·罗比森（JOHN ROBISON）始终处于困境 177 00:08:56,500 --> 00:08:58,400 TO READ OTHER PEOPLE. 阅读其他人。 178 00:09:00,200 --> 00:09:01,633 ROBISON, VOICE-OVER: WHEN I WAS A LITTLE BOY, 罗伯逊，旁白：当我是个小男孩时， 179 00:09:01,733 --> 00:09:06,166 I WAS BULLIED AND REJECTED BY OTHER KIDS. 我被其他孩子欺负并拒绝。 180 00:09:06,266 --> 00:09:07,633 AND THAT DIDN'T HAPPEN WITH MACHINES. 并且没有发生机器。 181 00:09:07,733 --> 00:09:09,500 YOU KNOW, I COULD STAND, UH, 你知道，我可以站住，嗯， 182 00:09:09,600 --> 00:09:13,133 BY, UH, A TRACTOR ON MY GRANDPARENTS' FARM. 作者：呃，我祖父母农场的拖拉机。 183 00:09:13,233 --> 00:09:15,133 AND I COULD LEARN HOW TO ADJUST IT. 而且我可以学习如何调整它。 184 00:09:15,233 --> 00:09:17,600 AND IT WOULDN'T TEASE ME OR DO ANYTHING BAD. 而且它不会取笑我或做任何坏事。 185 00:09:17,700 --> 00:09:19,633 IT WOULDN'T RUN AWAY. IT WOULD ALWAYS BE THERE. 它不会逃跑。 186 00:09:19,733 --> 00:09:20,800 AND I COULD COUNT ON IT. 而且我可以依靠它。 187 00:09:20,900 --> 00:09:24,133 AND I--I GUESS I LEARNED TO MAKE FRIENDS 而且我-我猜想我可以结交朋友 188 00:09:24,233 --> 00:09:25,633 WITH THE MACHINES 用机器 189 00:09:25,733 --> 00:09:28,233 BEFORE I LEARNED HOW TO MAKE FRIENDS WITH OTHER PEOPLE. 在我学会如何与其他人交朋友之前。 190 00:09:28,333 --> 00:09:32,466 EAGLEMAN, VOICE-OVER: IN TIME, JOHN'S AFFINITY FOR TECHNOLOGY EAGLEMAN，配音：及时，JOHN精通技术 191 00:09:32,566 --> 00:09:36,300 TOOK HIM TO PLACES HIS BULLIES COULD ONLY DREAM OF. 只能将他的欺凌行为放在梦里。 192 00:09:36,400 --> 00:09:40,466 BY 21, HE WAS A ROADIE FOR THE BAND KISS. 到21岁时，他已成为乐队乐队的代言人。 193 00:09:40,566 --> 00:09:43,900 ROBISON: THIS WAS ME BACK WITH, UH, KISS IN THE SEVENTIES. 罗宾逊：这是我在七十年代回过头来的。 194 00:09:44,000 --> 00:09:46,300 UH, I LOOK OLDER AND FATTER AND STUFF. 呃，我看的是旧书，杂物和东西。 195 00:09:46,400 --> 00:09:47,833 I DON'T LOOK THE SAME ANYMORE. 我再也看不到了。 196 00:09:50,400 --> 00:09:51,933 EAGLEMAN, VOICE-OVER: SURROUNDED BY LEGENDARY EAGLEMAN，配音：由传奇人物环绕 197 00:09:52,033 --> 00:09:53,766 ROCK AND ROLL EXCESS, 摇滚乐超额 198 00:09:53,866 --> 00:09:57,800 HIS OUTLOOK REMAINED DIFFERENT FROM OTHER PEOPLE'S. 他的展望与其他人不同。 199 00:09:57,900 --> 00:09:59,700 ROBISON: PEOPLE WOULD COME UP TO ME ALL THE TIME. 罗宾逊：人们总是会来找我。 200 00:09:59,800 --> 00:10:01,600 AND THEY WOULD SAY, "WHAT'S THIS GUY LIKE," 他们会说：“这家伙是怎么回事？” 201 00:10:01,700 --> 00:10:03,133 OR, "WHAT'S THAT GUY LIKE?" 或者，“那是什么家伙？” 202 00:10:04,733 --> 00:10:06,633 ROBISON: I WOULD SAY, "YEAH, THEIR STAGE SETUP, 罗伯逊：我会说，“是的，他们的舞台设置， 203 00:10:06,733 --> 00:10:09,466 THEY HAD SUNN 2000S BASS AMPS," OR... 他们有SUNN 2000S BASS AMPS，”或... 204 00:10:09,566 --> 00:10:11,266 OR, "GENE PLAYED SUNN COLISEUMS, 或者，“ GENE PLAY SUNN COLISEUMS， 205 00:10:11,366 --> 00:10:13,466 AND WE HAD SEVEN BASS AMPS CHAINED TOGETHER. 我们一起被困了七个低音安培。 206 00:10:13,566 --> 00:10:17,566 WE HAD 2,200 WATTS IN THE BASS SYSTEM FOR THAT." 为此，我们在低音系统中有2200瓦。” 207 00:10:17,666 --> 00:10:19,633 BUT I MAYBE COULDN'T TELL YOU THE FIRST THING 但是我可能不会告诉你第一件事 208 00:10:19,733 --> 00:10:21,733 ABOUT THE MUSICIANS WHO SANG THROUGH THEM. 关于通过他们唱歌的音乐家。 209 00:10:25,100 --> 00:10:28,466 NOW I REALIZE THAT SHOWS THAT I DID 现在我实现了我所展示的 210 00:10:28,566 --> 00:10:30,366 KIND OF LIVE IN A DIFFERENT WORLD ALL THOSE YEARS-- 这些年来，人们生活在不同的世界中 211 00:10:30,466 --> 00:10:32,433 A WORLD OF MACHINES AND EQUIPMENT. 机器和设备的世界。 212 00:10:35,666 --> 00:10:38,666 EAGLEMAN, VOICE-OVER: WHEN HE WAS 40, JOHN WAS DIAGNOSED 伊格曼（EAGLEMAN），旁白：当他40岁时，约翰被诊断出 213 00:10:38,766 --> 00:10:41,933 WITH ASPERGER'S-- A FORM OF AUTISM. 与ASPERGER一起-自闭症的一种形式。 214 00:10:48,333 --> 00:10:51,566 MANY REGIONS OF THE BRAIN ARE ENGAGED 参与了大脑的许多区域 215 00:10:51,666 --> 00:10:53,566 DURING SOCIAL INTERACTION. 在社交互动中。 216 00:10:53,666 --> 00:10:55,800 BUT IN AUTISM THAT BRAIN ACTIVITY 但是自闭症可以使大脑活动 217 00:10:55,900 --> 00:10:57,633 ISN'T SEEN AS STRONGLY. 视力不强。 218 00:10:57,733 --> 00:11:01,666 AND THAT'S PARALLELED BY DIMINISHED SOCIAL SKILLS. 而且这是由于社交技巧减少而引起的。 219 00:11:03,000 --> 00:11:06,866 I DIDN'T REALLY UNDERSTAND THAT THERE WERE 我不是真的了解那里 220 00:11:06,966 --> 00:11:09,966 COMPLEX MESSAGES IN FACES 面对复杂的信息 221 00:11:10,066 --> 00:11:11,700 UNTIL I WAS WELL INTO ADULTHOOD 直到我很好地适应成人 222 00:11:11,800 --> 00:11:13,733 AND LEARNED ABOUT AUTISM. 并了解自闭症。 223 00:11:15,566 --> 00:11:20,800 I KNEW THAT PEOPLE COULD, UH, DISPLAY SIGNS OF CRAZED ANGER. 我知道人们会，呃，显示出发狂的迹象。 224 00:11:22,666 --> 00:11:28,100 BUT IF YOU, UM, ASKED ABOUT MORE SUBTLE EXPRESSIONS-- 但是，如果您，UM询问更多有关字幕的信息， 225 00:11:28,200 --> 00:11:30,000 YOU KNOW, "I THINK YOU'RE SWEET, 您知道，“我认为您很甜， 226 00:11:30,100 --> 00:11:31,966 "AND I WONDER WHAT YOU'RE HIDING," “而且我想知道您隐藏的是什么，” 227 00:11:32,066 --> 00:11:33,133 OR, "I'D REALLY LIKE TO DO THAT," 或者，“我真的很喜欢那样做” 228 00:11:33,233 --> 00:11:35,066 OR, "I WISH YOU'D DO THIS..." OR THAT. 或者，“我希望你会这样做...”或那样。 229 00:11:35,166 --> 00:11:39,300 I...I HAD NO IDEA ABOUT THINGS LIKE THAT. 我...我对此没有想法。 230 00:11:45,000 --> 00:11:47,400 EAGLEMAN, VOICE-OVER: BUT THEN CAME A TRANSFORMING MOMENT EAGLEMAN，配音：但随后变成了转变的时刻 231 00:11:47,500 --> 00:11:48,933 IN JOHN'S LIFE. 在约翰的生活中。 232 00:11:49,033 --> 00:11:53,566 IN 2008, HE WAS INVITED TO HARVARD MEDICAL SCHOOL 2008年，他受邀进入哈佛医学院 233 00:11:53,666 --> 00:11:57,233 TO TAKE PART IN AN EXPERIMENT ON HIS BRAIN 参加他的大脑实验 234 00:11:57,333 --> 00:12:01,166 OVERSEEN BY DR. ALVARO PASCUAL-LEONE. 由DR监督。 235 00:12:02,566 --> 00:12:05,133 PASCUAL-LEONE: IT WAS AN ATTEMPT TO TRY TO UNDERSTAND PASCUAL-LEONE：尝试了解 236 00:12:05,233 --> 00:12:07,300 HOW ACTIVITY IN ONE AREA 一个地区的活动如何 237 00:12:07,400 --> 00:12:10,300 AFFECTS ACTIVITY IN AN AREA... IN ANOTHER AREA 在一个区域中影响活动...在另一个区域中 238 00:12:10,400 --> 00:12:12,333 AND HOW THAT AFFECTS BEHAVIOR. 以及如何影响行为。 239 00:12:12,433 --> 00:12:14,300 [MONITOR BEEPING] [监听提示音] 240 00:12:14,400 --> 00:12:15,933 EAGLEMAN, VOICE-OVER: THE EXPERIMENT WAS ONLY MEANT EAGLEMAN，配音：实验只是很简单 241 00:12:16,033 --> 00:12:18,300 TO HELP THE SCIENTISTS GAIN GREATER KNOWLEDGE 帮助科学家获得更大的知识 242 00:12:18,400 --> 00:12:20,633 ABOUT THE AUTISTIC BRAIN, 关于自闭症 243 00:12:20,733 --> 00:12:24,366 BUT THEN SOMETHING UNEXPECTED HAPPENED. 但随后发生了意外情况。 244 00:12:26,433 --> 00:12:28,133 JOHN WAS GIVEN 约翰给了 245 00:12:28,233 --> 00:12:32,266 TRANSCRANIAL MAGNETIC STIMULATION OR TMS. 跨颅磁刺激或TMS。 246 00:12:32,366 --> 00:12:35,566 MAGNETIC COILS WERE PLACED NEXT TO HIS HEAD 将磁线圈放在他的头部旁边 247 00:12:35,666 --> 00:12:39,366 TO GENERATE MINUTE ELECTRICAL CURRENTS IN THE BRAIN 在大脑中产生微小的电流 248 00:12:39,466 --> 00:12:42,233 AND ALTER ITS ACTIVITY. 并更改其活动。 249 00:12:42,333 --> 00:12:45,066 THE RESEARCHERS TARGETED DIFFERENT REGIONS OF 研究人员针对不同地区 250 00:12:45,166 --> 00:12:48,200 JOHN'S BRAIN TO SEE WHETHER INTERFERING 约翰的大脑要看看是否有干扰 251 00:12:48,300 --> 00:12:53,566 WITH HIS BRAIN ACTIVITY HAD ANY EFFECT ON HIS BEHAVIOR. 具有他的大脑活动对他的行为没有任何影响。 252 00:12:53,666 --> 00:12:56,100 ROBISON: THEY WOULD TEST ME AFTER THE SESSION. 鲁滨逊：他们会在会议之后进行测试。 253 00:12:56,200 --> 00:12:59,766 I WOULD GO HOME KIND OF NOT KNOWING WHAT TO EXPECT. 我会回家，不知道会发生什么。 254 00:12:59,866 --> 00:13:02,633 EAGLEMAN, VOICE-OVER: AT FIRST THERE WAS NO RESULT. EAGLEMAN，画外音：首先没有结果。 255 00:13:02,733 --> 00:13:04,133 BUT THEN THEY TARGETED 但是他们有针对性 256 00:13:04,233 --> 00:13:06,800 THE DORSOLATERAL PREFRONTAL CORTEX-- 背侧前皮质- 257 00:13:06,900 --> 00:13:08,233 A REGION INVOLVED 涉及的地区 258 00:13:08,333 --> 00:13:10,966 IN FLEXIBLE THINKING AND ABSTRACTION. 灵活思考和抽象。 259 00:13:11,066 --> 00:13:13,900 AND SOMETHING DRAMATIC HAPPENED. 和一些戏剧性的发生。 260 00:13:14,000 --> 00:13:16,400 SOMEHOW I BECAME DIFFERENT. 有人说我不同。 261 00:13:20,166 --> 00:13:23,133 PASCUAL-LEONE: HE CONTACTED US, UH--VERY EXCITED PASCUAL-LEONE：他与我们联系，呃，非常激动 262 00:13:23,233 --> 00:13:26,700 TO SAY, YOU KNOW, "THE EFFECTS OF THE STIMULATION 要说，您知道，“刺激效应 263 00:13:26,800 --> 00:13:28,466 "SEEMED TO HAVE UNLOCKED SOMETHING. “似乎已经解锁了一些东西。 264 00:13:28,566 --> 00:13:30,800 "AND THE EFFECTS IS STILL LASTING. “而且效果仍然持久。 265 00:13:30,900 --> 00:13:34,233 AND I NOW CAN DO THINGS THAT I COULD NEVER DO." 而且我现在可以做我永远做不到的事情。” 266 00:13:38,833 --> 00:13:42,666 ROBISON: AFTER TMS, I WAS ABLE TO, UH, SORT OF 罗比逊：TMS之后，我可以... 267 00:13:42,766 --> 00:13:44,566 READ SIGNALS FROM OTHER PEOPLE 阅读其他人的信号 268 00:13:44,666 --> 00:13:47,266 AND UNDERSTAND WHAT WAS GOING ON. 并了解发生了什么。 269 00:13:47,366 --> 00:13:51,400 PASCUAL-LEONE: SO I LISTENED TO THAT, FASCINATED BY IT, PASCUAL-LEONE：我听了它的介绍， 270 00:13:51,500 --> 00:13:53,000 AND THOUGHT, "OK, WELL, WHATEVER. 想着，“好吧，随便什么。 271 00:13:53,100 --> 00:13:54,400 IT'LL GO AWAY." 会走开的。” 272 00:13:54,500 --> 00:13:56,066 UH, BUT IT DIDN'T. IT... 呃，但没有。 273 00:13:56,166 --> 00:13:58,066 IT ACTUALLY, UM, REMAINS SOMETHING 实际上，嗯，有些麻烦 274 00:13:58,166 --> 00:14:00,133 THAT--THAT HAD REALLY FUNDAMENTALLY CHANGED IN... 那个-根本上改变了... 275 00:14:00,233 --> 00:14:02,033 IN HIM. 在他那边。 276 00:14:03,533 --> 00:14:06,400 EAGLEMAN, VOICE-OVER: SOMEHOW, AND ENTIRELY ACCIDENTALLY, EAGLEMAN，旁白：完全是偶然地， 277 00:14:06,500 --> 00:14:09,966 THE TMS HAD UNLOCKED A WHOLE NEW WORLD FOR JOHN. TMS为约翰打开了一个全新的世界。 278 00:14:10,066 --> 00:14:11,133 ...VEGETABLE SANDWICH ...蔬菜三明治 279 00:14:11,233 --> 00:14:12,133 TO BRING HOME. 回家。 280 00:14:12,233 --> 00:14:13,300 WHAT HAVE YOU GOT... 你有什么... 281 00:14:13,400 --> 00:14:14,466 ROBISON, VOICE-OVER: I'D BE TEMPTED TO SAY, 罗宾逊，旁白：我很想说， 282 00:14:14,566 --> 00:14:15,966 "I COULDN'T READ PEOPLE AND NOW I CAN," “我不会读别人的，现在我能读。” 283 00:14:16,066 --> 00:14:17,466 BUT THAT'S NOT REALLY TRUE. 但是那不是真的。 284 00:14:17,566 --> 00:14:18,466 ROBISON: OK. HOW ABOUT 罗宾逊：好的。 285 00:14:18,566 --> 00:14:19,633 A FULL-SIZE ONE OF THEM... 全尺寸之一... 286 00:14:19,733 --> 00:14:21,633 SURE. 当然。 287 00:14:21,733 --> 00:14:23,600 IT'S MORE ACCURATE TO SAY 说的更准确 288 00:14:23,700 --> 00:14:27,466 I HAD NO IDEA THERE WERE THESE MESSAGES EMANATING 我没有想法这些消息正在传播 289 00:14:27,566 --> 00:14:28,900 FROM OTHER PEOPLE. 来自其他人。 290 00:14:29,000 --> 00:14:30,066 [ROBISON ORDERING] [ROBISON订购] 291 00:14:30,166 --> 00:14:33,566 ROBISON: VOICE-OVER: TMS SHOWED ME THOSE MESSAGES. ROBISON：旁白：TMS向我显示了这些消息。 292 00:14:33,666 --> 00:14:36,733 AND NOW THAT I'M AWARE THAT THEY'RE OUT THERE, 现在我知道他们在那里， 293 00:14:36,833 --> 00:14:38,433 EVERYTHING I DO IS DIFFERENT. 我所做的一切都是不同的。 294 00:14:39,900 --> 00:14:41,900 ALL OF A SUDDEN, YOU CAN WALK AROUND 突然之间，您可以漫步 295 00:14:42,000 --> 00:14:43,200 AND ENGAGE THE WORLD. 与世界互动。 296 00:14:43,300 --> 00:14:45,733 AND IT'S A BIG, BIG THING. 而且这是一件大事。 297 00:14:45,833 --> 00:14:48,266 OK, THANKS! 好，谢谢！ 298 00:14:49,600 --> 00:14:50,700 PASCUAL-LEONE: WE DON'T KNOW PASCUAL-LEONE：我们不知道 299 00:14:50,800 --> 00:14:53,233 EXACTLY WHAT HAPPENED NEUROBIOLOGICALLY. UM... 完全是神经生物学上发生的事情。 300 00:14:53,333 --> 00:14:56,100 BUT I THINK IT NOW OFFERS THE OPPORTUNITY FOR US 但我现在想起来给我们提供了机会 301 00:14:56,200 --> 00:14:59,066 TO UNDERSTAND WHAT BEHAVIORAL MODIFICATIONS, 要了解哪些行为修改， 302 00:14:59,166 --> 00:15:01,466 WHAT INTERVENTIONS MIGHT BE POSSIBLE 可能采取什么干预措施 303 00:15:01,566 --> 00:15:04,733 TO LEARN FROM HIM THAT WE CAN THEN TEACH OTHERS. 向HIM学习，然后我们可以教其他人。 304 00:15:07,733 --> 00:15:10,966 EAGLEMAN, VOICE-OVER: JOHN'S TRANSFORMATION IS A REMINDER 伊格曼（EAGLEMAN），旁白：约翰的转型是一个提醒 305 00:15:11,066 --> 00:15:13,900 THAT ALL THE ACTIVITIES OF THE HUMAN BRAIN, 人体的所有活动 306 00:15:14,000 --> 00:15:18,300 INCLUDING THE SUBTLE INTERPLAY OF EMOTIONS AND RELATIONSHIPS, 包括情感和关系的微妙互动， 307 00:15:18,400 --> 00:15:21,300 ARE ROOTED IN THE DETAILED PATTERNS 根植于详细的样式中 308 00:15:21,400 --> 00:15:25,000 OF TRILLIONS OF ELECTROCHEMICAL SIGNALS. 数以千计的电化学信号。 309 00:15:26,766 --> 00:15:29,800 [SIZZLING] [打喷嚏] 310 00:15:29,900 --> 00:15:32,066 [LAUGHTER, INDISTINCT CHATTER] [笑声，直截了当的聊天] 311 00:15:32,166 --> 00:15:33,733 EAGLEMAN, VOICE-OVER: SOMEHOW, HUMANS CAN LOOK AT EAGLEMAN，语音结束：有人可以看一下 312 00:15:33,833 --> 00:15:35,233 EACH OTHER AND STUDY 其他和研究 313 00:15:35,333 --> 00:15:38,300 THE ARRANGEMENT OF FACIAL MUSCLES 面部肌肉的排列 314 00:15:38,400 --> 00:15:41,266 AND THEN PROCESS THAT INFORMATION 然后处理该信息 315 00:15:41,366 --> 00:15:45,733 INTO AN UNDERSTANDING OF OTHER PEOPLE'S THOUGHTS AND EMOTIONS. 对其他人的思想和情感的理解。 316 00:15:45,833 --> 00:15:47,233 [CHATTER CONTINUES] [讨论继续] 317 00:15:47,333 --> 00:15:49,400 EAGLEMAN, VOICE-OVER: IT'S AN ASTONISHING SKILL EAGLEMAN，配音：这是令人惊讶的技能 318 00:15:49,500 --> 00:15:52,166 BECAUSE THE CUES ARE SO SUBTLE. 因为提示太微妙了。 319 00:15:52,266 --> 00:15:55,733 AND THE PROCESSING IS SO RAPID 而且处理非常迅速 320 00:15:55,833 --> 00:15:59,766 THAT THE WHOLE OPERATION RUNS UNDER YOUR RADAR. 整个操作都在您的雷达下进行。 321 00:16:01,733 --> 00:16:03,433 IT ONLY TAKES 33 MILLISECONDS 它仅占用了33毫秒 322 00:16:03,533 --> 00:16:07,466 FOR YOUR BRAIN TO PROCESS BASIC INFORMATION 为您的大脑处理基本信息 323 00:16:07,566 --> 00:16:10,266 ABOUT SOMEONE'S FACIAL EXPRESSION 关于某人的面部表情 324 00:16:10,366 --> 00:16:12,966 AND START REACTING TO IT. 并开始对它进行处理。 325 00:16:13,066 --> 00:16:14,300 MAN: SO WE'RE GONNA PUT ONE ELECTRODE 男人：所以我们是将GONNA放在一个电极上 326 00:16:14,400 --> 00:16:15,500 RIGHT ABOVE YOUR EYEBROW... 就在您的眼眉上方... 327 00:16:15,600 --> 00:16:17,133 EAGLEMAN, VOICE-OVER: SO HOW DOES IT DO THAT? EAGLEMAN，旁白：那怎么办？ 328 00:16:17,233 --> 00:16:18,633 AND THE OTHER RIGHT ON YOUR CHEEK. 以及您面颊上的其他权利。 329 00:16:18,733 --> 00:16:20,200 HERE WE GO. GREAT... 开始了。 330 00:16:23,066 --> 00:16:24,800 EAGLEMAN, VOICE-OVER: I'VE INVITED A GROUP OF PEOPLE EAGLEMAN，旁白：我邀请了一群人 331 00:16:24,900 --> 00:16:26,366 TO RUN AN EXPERIMENT. 进行实验。 332 00:16:26,466 --> 00:16:29,266 I'VE WIRED THEM UP TO A MACHINE 我已经将它们连接到机器上 333 00:16:29,366 --> 00:16:32,400 THAT MEASURES MOVEMENTS IN THEIR FACIAL MUSCLES. 可以测量其面部肌肉的运动。 334 00:16:32,500 --> 00:16:36,733 AND I'VE ASKED THEM TO LOOK AT PHOTOGRAPHS OF FACES. 而且我已要求他们查看照片的照片。 335 00:16:43,833 --> 00:16:47,033 WHEN PARTICIPANTS ARE LOOKING AT A PHOTOGRAPH 参与者正在拍照时 336 00:16:47,133 --> 00:16:49,166 WITH A SMILE OR A FROWN, 带着微笑或皱眉， 337 00:16:49,266 --> 00:16:51,066 WE SEE THIS ACTIVITY ON THE GRAPH 我们在图上看到了此活动 338 00:16:51,166 --> 00:16:55,733 WHICH INDICATES THAT THEIR OWN FACIAL MUSCLES ARE MOVING. 表明自己的面部肌肉正在运动。 339 00:16:55,833 --> 00:16:57,766 WHY? 为什么？ 340 00:16:59,666 --> 00:17:01,233 WELL, IT TURNS OUT THAT 好吧，结果证明了这一点 341 00:17:01,333 --> 00:17:04,466 THEY ARE AUTOMATICALLY MIRRORING WITH THEIR OWN FACES 他们正在用自己的面孔自动模仿 342 00:17:04,566 --> 00:17:06,833 THE EXPRESSIONS THAT THEY'RE SEEING. 他们正在寻找的表达方式。 343 00:17:09,733 --> 00:17:10,633 EAGLEMAN: THAT WAS FUN, RIGHT? EAGLEMAN：那很有趣，对吗？ 344 00:17:10,733 --> 00:17:11,800 THE LAST ONE? 最后一个？ 345 00:17:11,900 --> 00:17:13,800 YEAH. YEAH, IT WAS A FUN TEST. 是的 346 00:17:13,900 --> 00:17:16,066 EAGLEMAN, VOICE-OVER: BUT WHAT PURPOSE DOES EAGLEMAN，语音结束：但目的是什么 347 00:17:16,166 --> 00:17:18,466 THIS MIRRORING SERVE? 此备忘服务？ 348 00:17:18,566 --> 00:17:21,466 I'VE INVITED A SECOND GROUP OF PEOPLE. 我邀请了第二个人。 349 00:17:21,566 --> 00:17:23,733 THEY'RE SIMILAR TO THE FIRST GROUP, 他们与第一小组相似 350 00:17:23,833 --> 00:17:26,400 EXCEPT FOR ONE THING. 除了一件事。 351 00:17:32,900 --> 00:17:36,566 THIS IS THE MOST LETHAL NEUROTOXIN ON THE PLANET. 这是行星上最致命的神经毒素。 352 00:17:36,666 --> 00:17:39,233 IF YOU WERE TO INGEST EVEN A FRACTION OF THIS, 如果您想摄取其中的一部分， 353 00:17:39,333 --> 00:17:42,566 YOUR BRAIN COULD NO LONGER TELL YOUR MUSCLES HOW TO CONTRACT 您的大脑永远不会告诉您的肌肉如何合同 354 00:17:42,666 --> 00:17:44,900 AND YOU WOULD DIE OF TOTAL PARALYSIS. 而且您将彻底瘫痪。 355 00:17:45,000 --> 00:17:46,900 SO IT SEEMS UNLIKELY THAT ANYONE 所以任何人都一样 356 00:17:47,000 --> 00:17:51,166 WOULD PAY TO HAVE THIS INJECTED INTO THEMSELVES, BUT THEY DO. 我们会付费将其注射到自己体内，但这样做。 357 00:17:52,666 --> 00:17:57,733 THIS IS KNOWN AS BOTULINUM TOXIN OR BOTOX. 这就是肉毒杆菌毒素或肉毒杆菌毒素。 358 00:17:57,833 --> 00:18:00,133 IF YOU PUT IT INTO YOUR FOREHEAD MUSCLES, 如果您将其放入前额肌肉， 359 00:18:00,233 --> 00:18:03,200 IT PARALYZES THEM TO REDUCE WRINKLING. 它麻痹了他们，减少了皱纹。 360 00:18:03,300 --> 00:18:07,466 BUT THERE'S A LESS WELL KNOWN SIDE-EFFECT. 但是有一个众所周知的副作用。 361 00:18:12,400 --> 00:18:14,733 EAGLEMAN, VOICE-OVER: WHEN OUR PARTICIPANTS WITH BOTOX EAGLEMAN，配音：当我们的参与者使用肉毒杆菌毒素时 362 00:18:14,833 --> 00:18:16,466 WENT THROUGH THE SAME TESTS, 通过相同的测试， 363 00:18:16,566 --> 00:18:19,133 THEIR FACIAL MUSCLES RESPONDED LESS. 他们的面部肌肉反应较少。 364 00:18:19,233 --> 00:18:21,133 NO SURPRISE THERE. 没有惊喜。 365 00:18:21,233 --> 00:18:24,700 BUT REPLICATING AN EXPERIMENT OUT OF DUKE UNIVERSITY, 但代替了杜克大学的一项实验， 366 00:18:24,800 --> 00:18:27,933 WE HAD BOTH GROUPS LOOK AT FACIAL EXPRESSIONS. 我们两个人都看过面部表情。 367 00:18:28,033 --> 00:18:31,733 AND NOW THEY WERE ASKED TO CHOOSE THE WORD 现在他们被要求选择单词 368 00:18:31,833 --> 00:18:35,100 THAT BEST DESCRIBED THE EMOTION THEY WERE SEEING. 最好地描述了他们所看到的情绪。 369 00:18:40,600 --> 00:18:41,733 PANIC. 恐慌。 370 00:18:41,833 --> 00:18:43,233 PANICKED. 惊慌失措。 371 00:18:46,066 --> 00:18:47,566 UPSET. 烦恼。 372 00:18:49,166 --> 00:18:50,900 EAGLEMAN, VOICE-OVER: ON AVERAGE, THE BOTOX GROUP EAGLEMAN，配音：平均来说，肉毒杆菌毒素集团 373 00:18:51,000 --> 00:18:55,533 WAS WORSE AT IDENTIFYING THE EMOTIONS CORRECTLY. 正确识别情绪时，效果更差。 374 00:18:55,633 --> 00:18:57,233 SKEPTICAL? 怀疑吗？ 375 00:18:57,333 --> 00:18:58,733 EAGLEMAN, VOICE-OVER: IT SEEMS THAT EAGLEMAN，配音：那是什么 376 00:18:58,833 --> 00:19:01,133 THE LACK OF FEEDBACK FROM THEIR FACIAL MUSCLES 面部肌肉缺乏反馈 377 00:19:01,233 --> 00:19:05,633 IMPAIRS THEIR ABILITY TO READ OTHER PEOPLE. 削弱他们阅读其他人的能力。 378 00:19:05,733 --> 00:19:09,233 THE PARALYZED FACES OF BOTOX USERS 肉毒杆菌毒素使用者的瘫痪面孔 379 00:19:09,333 --> 00:19:13,233 NOT ONLY MAKES IT HARD FOR US TO TELL WHAT THEY'RE FEELING, 不仅让我们很难告诉他们他们的感受， 380 00:19:13,333 --> 00:19:18,966 THOSE SAME FROZEN MUSCLES MAKE IT HARD FOR THEM TO READ US. 那些冻僵的肌肉让他们难以阅读。 381 00:19:19,066 --> 00:19:21,766 AND THAT TELLS US SOMETHING. 并告诉我们一些事情。 382 00:19:21,866 --> 00:19:23,966 WHEN I'M HAPPY OR SAD, 当我快乐或悲伤时， 383 00:19:24,066 --> 00:19:27,866 PART OF THAT FEELING RELIES ON THE UNCONSCIOUS FEEDBACK 感觉与不正确的反馈有关 384 00:19:27,966 --> 00:19:29,600 FROM MUSCLES IN MY FACE. 来自我脸上的肌肉。 385 00:19:29,700 --> 00:19:32,633 AND OUR SOCIAL BRAINS TAKE ADVANTAGE OF THAT-- 和我们的社会智囊团正如此- 386 00:19:32,733 --> 00:19:34,166 SO WHEN WE'RE TRYING TO UNDERSTAND 因此，当我们尝试理解时 387 00:19:34,266 --> 00:19:38,833 WHAT SOMEONE ELSE IS FEELING, WE TRY ON THEIR FACIAL EXPRESSION. 有人感觉到了什么，我们尝试他们的面部表情。 388 00:19:42,133 --> 00:19:45,066 THIS AUTOMATIC MIRRORING OF EXPRESSIONS IS 这是自动模仿表达 389 00:19:45,166 --> 00:19:50,000 JUST ONE WAY IN WHICH WE UNDERSTAND OTHERS. 我们了解他人的唯一途径。 390 00:19:50,100 --> 00:19:52,566 THE BRAIN ALSO HAS A DEEPER WAY-- 脑子也有更好的选择 391 00:19:52,666 --> 00:19:55,800 ONE THAT'S BEST EXPLAINED AT THE MOVIES. 电影中最好的解释之一。 392 00:19:55,900 --> 00:19:57,333 [INDISTINCT CONVERSATIONS] [对话] 393 00:20:03,733 --> 00:20:04,900 ONE TICKET, PLEASE. 一张票，请。 394 00:20:07,333 --> 00:20:08,900 THANK YOU. 谢谢。 395 00:20:11,233 --> 00:20:12,966 EAGLEMAN, VOICE-OVER: WHEN WE GO TO THE MOVIE THEATER, 埃格曼，配音：当我们去看电影剧院时， 396 00:20:13,066 --> 00:20:15,633 WE KNOW FULL WELL THAT IT'S MAKE-BELIEVE. 我们完全可以相信。 397 00:20:15,733 --> 00:20:19,366 THE PEOPLE ON THE SCREEN ARE JUST ACTING. 屏幕上的人正在行动。 398 00:20:19,466 --> 00:20:22,366 AND YET WE STILL REACT. 而且我们仍然会做出反应。 399 00:20:22,466 --> 00:20:25,966 WE GASP AND FLINCH AND CRY. 我们喘不过气来，哭泣。 400 00:20:26,066 --> 00:20:27,233 WHY DO WE FALL FOR IT? 我们为什么喜欢它？ 401 00:20:27,333 --> 00:20:28,766 [MOVIE CHARACTER SCREAMING] [电影人物尖叫] 402 00:20:33,400 --> 00:20:36,566 TO UNDERSTAND WHY WE CARE ABOUT OTHER PEOPLE GETTING HURT, 了解为什么我们关心其他人受伤， 403 00:20:36,666 --> 00:20:39,066 YOU NEED TO UNDERSTAND WHAT HAPPENS IN YOUR BRAIN 您需要了解脑中发生的情况 404 00:20:39,166 --> 00:20:40,400 WHEN YOU GET HURT. 当你受伤时。 405 00:20:40,500 --> 00:20:43,100 SO IMAGINE THAT SOMEBODY WERE TO STAB YOUR HAND 因此，请想象有人会刺伤您的手 406 00:20:43,200 --> 00:20:44,533 WITH A SYRINGE NEEDLE. 带有注射器针头。 407 00:20:44,633 --> 00:20:47,400 THAT ACTIVATES A NETWORK OF AREAS IN YOUR BRAIN 激活您大脑中的区域网络 408 00:20:47,500 --> 00:20:49,366 THAT WE CALL THE PAIN MATRIX. 我们打电话给痛苦矩阵。 409 00:20:51,600 --> 00:20:54,466 EAGLEMAN, VOICE-OVER: THERE'S NO SINGLE SPOT IN THE BRAIN EAGLEMAN，画外音：大脑中没有单个斑点 410 00:20:54,566 --> 00:20:57,100 WHERE PAIN IS PROCESSED. 在哪里痛苦。 411 00:20:57,200 --> 00:21:00,300 INSTEAD, THE PERCEPTION OF PAIN ARISES 代之以痛觉 412 00:21:00,400 --> 00:21:04,800 FROM SEVERAL DIFFERENT AREAS NETWORKING TOGETHER. 来自多个不同领域的网络。 413 00:21:04,900 --> 00:21:08,133 STRANGELY ENOUGH, THIS PAIN MATRIX IS 奇怪，这个痛苦矩阵是 414 00:21:08,233 --> 00:21:11,166 AT THE HEART OF HOW WE CONNECT WITH OTHERS. 我们如何与他人建立联系。 415 00:21:11,266 --> 00:21:13,300 [CHARACTER SCREAMING IN MOVIE] [电影中的字符放大] 416 00:21:13,400 --> 00:21:14,666 EAGLEMAN, VOICE-OVER: NOW, WHEN YOU WATCH EAGLEMAN，配音：现在，当您观看时 417 00:21:14,766 --> 00:21:16,633 SOMEONE ELSE GET STABBED, 有人被刺伤， 418 00:21:16,733 --> 00:21:20,666 YOUR PAIN MATRIX BECOMES ACTIVATED. 您的痛苦矩阵被激活。 419 00:21:20,766 --> 00:21:24,200 NOT THE PARTS THAT TELL YOU YOU'VE ACTUALLY BEEN TOUCHED, 并非真正告诉您的部分， 420 00:21:24,300 --> 00:21:25,633 BUT THE PARTS INVOLVED 但是涉及的零件 421 00:21:25,733 --> 00:21:28,800 IN THE EMOTIONAL EXPERIENCE OF PAIN. 在痛苦的情感体验中。 422 00:21:28,900 --> 00:21:31,566 IN OTHER WORDS, WATCHING SOMEONE ELSE IN PAIN 换句话说，看别人的痛苦 423 00:21:31,666 --> 00:21:36,233 AND BEING IN PAIN USE THE SAME NEURAL MACHINERY. 并且使用相同的神经机械痛苦。 424 00:21:36,333 --> 00:21:38,733 AND THAT'S THE BASIS OF EMPATHY. 这就是同情的基础。 425 00:21:39,966 --> 00:21:41,933 [MOVIE SOUNDTRACK MUSIC] [电影配乐音乐] 426 00:21:48,333 --> 00:21:50,466 EAGLEMAN: TO EMPATHIZE WITH ANOTHER PERSON EAGLEMAN：与另一个人共处 427 00:21:50,566 --> 00:21:52,900 IS TO LITERALLY FEEL THEIR PAIN. 从字面上感觉是他们的痛苦。 428 00:21:53,000 --> 00:21:56,700 [SCREAMING] [尖叫] 429 00:21:56,800 --> 00:21:58,400 EAGLEMAN: YOU RUN A COMPELLING SIMULATION EAGLEMAN：您进行了令人信服的模拟 430 00:21:58,500 --> 00:22:01,600 OF WHAT IT WOULD BE LIKE IF YOU WERE IN THAT SITUATION. 如果您处于那种情况，那会是什么样子。 431 00:22:01,700 --> 00:22:06,300 AND OUR CAPACITY TO DO THIS IS WHY STORIES AND MOVIES 和我们做这件事的能力是为什么的故事和电影 432 00:22:06,400 --> 00:22:09,633 AND NOVELS ARE SO ABSORBING 而且小说是如此吸引人 433 00:22:09,733 --> 00:22:12,566 AND WHY THEY'RE SO PERVASIVE ACROSS HUMAN CULTURE. 为什么在整个人类文化中如此普及。 434 00:22:12,666 --> 00:22:15,333 BECAUSE WHETHER IT'S ABOUT TOTAL STRANGERS 因为这与总人数有关 435 00:22:15,433 --> 00:22:17,333 OR MADE-UP CHARACTERS, 或化妆角色， 436 00:22:17,433 --> 00:22:21,933 YOU EXPERIENCE THEIR AGONY AND THEIR ECSTASY. 您会体验到他们的痛苦和狂喜。 437 00:22:22,033 --> 00:22:24,133 YOU FLUIDLY BECOME THEM 你流水成为他们 438 00:22:24,233 --> 00:22:28,533 AND LIVE THEIR LIVES AND STAND IN THEIR VANTAGE POINTS. 并过着自己的生活并站在他们的要点上。 439 00:22:30,400 --> 00:22:33,866 YOU CAN TELL YOURSELF THAT THE STORIES AREN'T REAL, 您可以告诉自己这些故事不是真实的， 440 00:22:33,966 --> 00:22:37,566 BUT SOME NEURONS DEEP IN YOUR BRAIN CAN'T TELL THE DIFFERENCE. 但是您脑中的某些神经元无法分辨。 441 00:22:48,333 --> 00:22:50,100 EAGLEMAN, VOICE-OVER: OUR CAPACITY TO FEEL EAGLEMAN，配音：我们的能力 442 00:22:50,200 --> 00:22:52,733 ANOTHER PERSON'S PAIN IS PART OF WHAT MAKES US 另一个人的痛苦是让我们感到痛苦的一部分 443 00:22:52,833 --> 00:22:55,733 SO GOOD AT TAKING OTHER PEOPLE'S PERSPECTIVE-- 很好地接受了其他人的看法- 444 00:22:55,833 --> 00:22:57,900 TO STEP OUT OF OUR SHOES AND INTO THEIR SHOES, 为了摆脱我们的鞋子，进入他们的鞋子， 445 00:22:58,000 --> 00:22:59,333 NEURALLY SPEAKING. 神经说话。 446 00:23:02,900 --> 00:23:05,966 EAGLEMAN, VOICE-OVER: WE CAN'T HELP BUT CONNECT WITH OTHERS. EAGLEMAN，旁白：我们无法帮助与他人建立联系。 447 00:23:06,066 --> 00:23:10,133 WE'RE HARDWIRED TO BE EXTREMELY SOCIAL CREATURES. 我们非常极端，不愿社交。 448 00:23:10,233 --> 00:23:13,133 AND THAT RAISES A QUESTION. 并提出了一个问题。 449 00:23:13,233 --> 00:23:18,000 WHAT WOULD HAPPEN IF THE BRAIN WERE STARVED OF HUMAN CONTACT? 如果脑部饥饿，会发生什么情况？ 450 00:23:24,900 --> 00:23:28,633 IN 2009, PEACE ACTIVIST SARAH SHOURD 2009年，和平主义者SARAH 451 00:23:28,733 --> 00:23:31,000 AND HER TWO COMPANIONS WERE HIKING IN THE MOUNTAINS 和她的两个伙伴在山上徒步旅行 452 00:23:31,100 --> 00:23:35,400 OF NORTHERN IRAQ--AN AREA THAT WAS AT THE TIME PEACEFUL. 伊拉克北部的一个和平地区。 453 00:23:35,500 --> 00:23:37,733 BUT THEY ACCIDENTALLY STRAYED INTO IRAN, 但是他们偶然误入了伊朗， 454 00:23:37,833 --> 00:23:40,566 AND THEY WERE ARRESTED. 并且他们被逮捕了。 455 00:23:40,666 --> 00:23:42,566 SHOURD: THEY PULLED US APART 应声：他们要求美国APART 456 00:23:42,666 --> 00:23:44,466 AND THREW US IN SEPARATE CELLS 然后把我们放在单独的细胞里 457 00:23:44,566 --> 00:23:45,733 AND SLAMMED THE DOOR. 然后把门砸了 458 00:23:45,833 --> 00:23:49,033 AND, UM, THAT WAS THE BEGINNING OF-- 而且，嗯，这是 459 00:23:49,133 --> 00:23:53,633 OF THE NEXT 410 DAYS OF MY LIFE IN THAT CELL. 接下来的410天中的那个细胞。 460 00:24:00,400 --> 00:24:02,200 WELL, IN THE EARLY WEEKS AND, REALLY, MONTHS 好吧，在前几周，实际上是月 461 00:24:02,300 --> 00:24:05,300 OF SOLITARY CONFINEMENT, YOU'RE REDUCED 的孤儿，你被减少了 462 00:24:05,400 --> 00:24:06,666 TO AN ANIMAL-LIKE STATE. 对类似动物的国家。 463 00:24:06,766 --> 00:24:09,800 I MEAN, YOU ARE AN ANIMAL IN A CAGE. 我的意思是，您是笼中的动物。 464 00:24:09,900 --> 00:24:11,766 [GROWLING] [成长中] 465 00:24:13,900 --> 00:24:16,933 AND THE MAJORITY OF YOUR HOURS ARE PACING. 和您的大部分时间都在增加。 466 00:24:20,066 --> 00:24:22,666 AND THE ANIMAL-LIKE STATE 和类似动物的国家 467 00:24:22,766 --> 00:24:28,000 SORT OF EVENTUALLY TRANSFORMED 有效转换的排序 468 00:24:28,100 --> 00:24:29,900 INTO A MORE PLANT-LIKE STATE... 进入更像植物的州... 469 00:24:32,400 --> 00:24:35,133 WHEN YOUR MIND STARTS TO SLOW DOWN 当您的思维开始慢下来时 470 00:24:35,233 --> 00:24:37,933 AND YOUR THOUGHTS BECOME REPETITIVE. 并且您的想法变得具有重复性。 471 00:24:43,033 --> 00:24:44,766 [CLIPPED MOVIE DIALOGUE] [剪辑电影对话] 472 00:24:44,866 --> 00:24:46,766 SHOURD, VOICE-OVER: YOUR BRAIN TURNS ON ITSELF. 简短的说声：您的大脑自动变身。 473 00:24:46,866 --> 00:24:51,566 AND IT BECOMES THE-- THE SOURCE OF YOUR WORST PAIN 并成为您的最痛之源 474 00:24:51,666 --> 00:24:53,066 AND YOUR WORST TORTURE. 和你最糟糕的折磨。 475 00:25:00,400 --> 00:25:02,933 I WOULD RELIVE EVERY DETAIL OF MY LIFE. 我将重拾生命的每一个细节。 476 00:25:04,566 --> 00:25:07,500 AND EVENTUALLY, YOU RUN OUT OF--OF MEMORIES. 而且实际上，您的内存已用完。 477 00:25:07,600 --> 00:25:09,200 AND YOU'VE TOLD THEM ALL TO YOURSELF 而且您已经将它们全部告诉了自己 478 00:25:09,300 --> 00:25:12,100 SO MANY TIMES, AND IT DOESN'T TAKE THAT LONG. 如此多次，而且不需要那么长时间。 479 00:25:12,200 --> 00:25:14,566 EAGLEMAN, VOICE-OVER: EXTREME SOCIAL DEPRAVATION 伊格曼（EAGLEMAN），旁白：极端的社会偏见 480 00:25:14,666 --> 00:25:17,200 CAUSES DEEP PSYCHOLOGICAL PAIN. 引起深层次的心理痛苦。 481 00:25:17,300 --> 00:25:21,333 WITHOUT INTERACTION, THE BRAIN SUFFERS. 没有交互作用，大脑会受到困扰。 482 00:25:22,833 --> 00:25:27,166 SOLITARY CONFINEMENT IS DESIGNED TO EAT AWAY AT 设计单独的密闭空间以消除 483 00:25:27,266 --> 00:25:31,000 AND REALLY ATTACK WHAT ESSENTIALLY MAKES US HUMAN. 并真正使我们人类遭受攻击。 484 00:25:33,300 --> 00:25:35,400 EAGLEMAN, VOICE-OVER: SARAH'S BRAIN USED EAGLEMAN，旁白：使用了SARAH的大脑 485 00:25:35,500 --> 00:25:41,566 THE SCANT SENSORY INFORMATION IT HAD TO CONSTRUCT A REALITY. 理想的传感信息已经构成了现实。 486 00:25:41,666 --> 00:25:44,566 SHOURD: THE SUN WOULD COME IN AT A CERTAIN TIME OF DAY 应该：太阳一定会在一天中的某个时间降临 487 00:25:44,666 --> 00:25:46,900 AT AN ANGLE THROUGH MY WINDOW. 穿过我的窗户的一个角度。 488 00:25:47,000 --> 00:25:49,400 AND ALL OF THE LITTLE DUST PARTICLES IN MY CELL 以及我的细胞中所有微小的灰尘颗粒 489 00:25:49,500 --> 00:25:51,566 WERE ILLUMINATED BY THE SUN. 被太阳照亮。 490 00:25:53,833 --> 00:25:56,400 I SAW ALL OF THOSE PARTICLES OF DUST AS BEING 我看到了所有这些尘埃粒子 491 00:25:56,500 --> 00:26:00,133 OTHER HUMAN BEINGS OCCUPYING THE PLANET. 占领地球的其他人类。 492 00:26:00,233 --> 00:26:02,066 AND THEY WERE IN THE STREAM OF LIFE. 并且他们处于生命之流。 493 00:26:02,166 --> 00:26:04,966 THEY WERE INTERACTING. THEY WERE BOUNCING OFF ONE ANOTHER. 他们互动。 494 00:26:05,066 --> 00:26:07,066 THEY WERE DOING SOMETHING COLLECTIVE. 他们正在做一些集体的事情。 495 00:26:12,900 --> 00:26:15,466 AND I SAW MYSELF AS OFF IN A CORNER, YOU KNOW, 而且我知道自己是一个角落的人，你知道， 496 00:26:15,566 --> 00:26:19,033 WALLED OFF BY--BY MYSELF OUT OF THE STREAM OF LIFE. 一路走走-由我自己超越了生命的流线。 497 00:26:24,900 --> 00:26:27,300 EAGLEMAN, VOICE-OVER: IN SEPTEMBER 2010 EAGLEMAN，配音：2010年9月 498 00:26:27,400 --> 00:26:30,633 AFTER 410 DAYS IN SOLITARY CONFINEMENT, 经过410天的单独监禁， 499 00:26:30,733 --> 00:26:34,766 SARAH WAS FINALLY RELEASED AND ALLOWED TO REJOIN THE WORLD. 最终将SARAH放行并允许重新加入世界。 500 00:26:36,733 --> 00:26:38,900 BUT FOR A LONG TIME, SHE SUFFERED 但是很长一段时间，她感到很痛苦 501 00:26:39,000 --> 00:26:41,466 FROM EXTREME POST-TRAUMATIC STRESS. 来自极度创伤后的压力。 502 00:26:45,166 --> 00:26:47,900 THE PHILOSOPHER MARTIN HEIDEGGER SAID 哲学家马丁·海德格尔说 503 00:26:48,000 --> 00:26:49,400 WE CAN'T TALK ABOUT BEING. 我们不能谈论存在。 504 00:26:49,500 --> 00:26:53,233 WE CAN ONLY TALKING ABOUT BEING IN THE WORLD. 我们只能谈论世界。 505 00:26:53,333 --> 00:26:58,400 IN OTHER WORDS, THE WORLD AROUND YOU IS A PART OF WHO YOU ARE. 换句话说，您周围的世界是您所在世界的一部分。 506 00:26:58,500 --> 00:27:02,500 IN A VACUUM, YOU LOSE YOUR SENSE OF SELF. 在真空中，您失去了自我感觉。 507 00:27:05,966 --> 00:27:08,633 IT'S NOT EASY FOR SCIENCE TO STUDY PEOPLE 科学研究不是一件容易的事 508 00:27:08,733 --> 00:27:11,966 WHILE THEY'RE EXPERIENCING SOLITARY CONFINEMENT, 当他们经历单独的约束时， 509 00:27:12,066 --> 00:27:13,466 BUT A SIMPLE EXPERIMENT 简单的实验 510 00:27:13,566 --> 00:27:17,133 DESIGNED BY NEUROSCIENTIST NAOMI EISENBERGER CAN GIVE US 由神经科学家NAOMI EISENBERGER设计可以给我们 511 00:27:17,233 --> 00:27:19,300 AN INSIGHT INTO WHAT'S HAPPENING IN THE BRAIN 大脑中正在发生的事情 512 00:27:19,400 --> 00:27:22,300 WHEN WE FEEL EXCLUDED. 我们被排除在外时。 513 00:27:24,733 --> 00:27:27,166 IT'S BASED ON A GAME OF CATCH. 它基于游戏的捕捉。 514 00:27:29,100 --> 00:27:32,733 WHILE VOLUNTEERS PLAYED A COMPUTER GAME OF CATCH, 当义工们玩计算机游戏时， 515 00:27:32,833 --> 00:27:36,100 EISENBERGER AND HER TEAM SCANNED THEIR BRAINS. EISENBERGER和她的团队为他们的大脑倾斜。 516 00:27:37,833 --> 00:27:41,233 THE VOLUNTEERS THOUGHT THE OTHER CHARACTERS WERE CONTROLLED 义工们思考了其他角色 517 00:27:41,333 --> 00:27:42,733 BY OTHER PARTICIPANTS, 由其他参与者， 518 00:27:42,833 --> 00:27:45,566 BUT, IN FACT, THEY WERE JUST PART OF THE COMPUTER PROGRAM. 但实际上，它们只是计算机程序的一部分。 519 00:27:47,833 --> 00:27:51,066 AT FIRST, THE OTHER CHARACTERS PLAYED NICELY, 首先，其他角色表现得很好， 520 00:27:51,166 --> 00:27:55,233 BUT AFTER A WHILE, THEY'D CUT THE VOLUNTEER OUT OF THE GAME 但是经过一会儿，他们就将自愿者从游戏中剔除了 521 00:27:55,333 --> 00:27:59,566 AND SIMPLY PLAY BETWEEN THEMSELVES. 并在自己之间轻松玩。 522 00:27:59,666 --> 00:28:02,200 SHE FOUND THAT BEING LEFT OUT OF THE GAME 她发现游戏不再存在 523 00:28:02,300 --> 00:28:05,666 ACTIVATED THE PAIN MATRIX. 激活疼痛矩阵。 524 00:28:10,566 --> 00:28:13,033 NOT GETTING THE BALL MIGHT SEEM INSIGNIFICANT, 没想到球可能会变得微不足道， 525 00:28:13,133 --> 00:28:14,600 BUT TO THE BRAIN, 但是， 526 00:28:14,700 --> 00:28:16,800 SOCIAL REJECTION IS SO MEANINGFUL 拒绝社交是如此有意义 527 00:28:16,900 --> 00:28:18,900 THAT IT HURTS. 那很伤人。 528 00:28:19,000 --> 00:28:20,866 [INDISTINCT CHATTER] [即时聊天] 529 00:28:22,900 --> 00:28:26,666 EAGLEMAN, VOICE-OVER: BUT THAT PAIN, IN TURN, IS USEFUL. EAGLEMAN，画外音：但反过来，痛苦是有用的。 530 00:28:28,233 --> 00:28:32,300 IT PUSHES US IN THE DIRECTION OF BONDING WITH OTHERS. 它用于指导与其他人绑定。 531 00:28:37,533 --> 00:28:40,400 WE ALL SEEK OUT ALLIANCES. 我们都寻求联盟。 532 00:28:40,500 --> 00:28:46,766 WE JOIN WITH FRIENDS, WITH FAMILY, WITH COLLEAGUES. 我们与朋友，家人，同事一起加入。 533 00:28:46,866 --> 00:28:49,433 IT COULD BE WHICH TEAM WE SUPPORT... 我们应该支持的团队... 534 00:28:50,933 --> 00:28:53,566 WHAT STYLE WE GO FOR... 我们要做什么？ 535 00:28:54,700 --> 00:28:56,433 WHAT OUR HOBBIES ARE. 我们的爱好是什么。 536 00:28:56,533 --> 00:29:00,466 IT GIVES COMFORT TO BELONG TO A GROUP. 它使一群人感到舒适。 537 00:29:00,566 --> 00:29:03,133 AND THAT GIVES US A CRITICAL CLUE 而这给了我们一个关键的线索 538 00:29:03,233 --> 00:29:05,633 INTO OUR SUCCESS AS A SPECIES. 作为一种成功案例进入我们的市场。 539 00:29:07,233 --> 00:29:11,133 SURVIVAL OF THE FITTEST ISN'T JUST ABOUT INDIVIDUALS. 生存的最根本就不是个人。 540 00:29:11,233 --> 00:29:13,433 IT'S ALSO ABOUT GROUPS. 它也是关于组。 541 00:29:13,533 --> 00:29:15,966 WE'RE SAFER. WE'RE MORE PRODUCTIVE. 我们很安全。 542 00:29:16,066 --> 00:29:17,833 WE OVERCOME CHALLENGES. 我们克服了挑战。 543 00:29:20,066 --> 00:29:23,733 THE DRIVE TO WORK IN GROUPS HAS HELPED HUMAN POPULATIONS THRIVE 群体工作的动力不断增强 544 00:29:23,833 --> 00:29:25,633 ACROSS THE PLANET 整个行星 545 00:29:25,733 --> 00:29:28,833 AND BUILD ENTIRE CIVILIZATIONS. 和完整的文明。 546 00:29:33,066 --> 00:29:37,000 AND YET THERE'S A FLIPSIDE TO THIS DRIVE TO COME TOGETHER. 而且，这种驱动力还有一个共同点。 547 00:29:37,100 --> 00:29:41,366 BECAUSE FOR EVERY "IN" GROUP, THERE ARE OUTSIDERS. 因为每个“组”中的人都有外人。 548 00:29:44,733 --> 00:29:48,500 AND THE CONSEQUENCES OF THAT CAN BE VERY DARK. 以及其后果可能非常黑暗。 549 00:29:52,566 --> 00:29:54,433 HISTORY IS PLAGUED WITH EXAMPLES 历史充斥着例子 550 00:29:54,533 --> 00:29:58,833 OF ONE GROUP TURNING ON ANOTHER THAT WAS DEFENSELESS 一个小组开启另一场缺乏防守的比赛 551 00:29:58,933 --> 00:30:00,866 AND POSED NO THREAT. 并且没有威胁。 552 00:30:04,733 --> 00:30:06,466 IF YOU WERE TO LOOK AT MY FAMILY TREE, 如果您要看看我的家庭树， 553 00:30:06,566 --> 00:30:08,633 YOU WOULD SEE THAT MOST OF THE BRANCHES END 您将看到大部分分支结束 554 00:30:08,733 --> 00:30:11,166 IN THE EARLY 1940s. 在1940年代初期。 555 00:30:11,266 --> 00:30:14,500 THIS IS BECAUSE MY FAMILY IS ETHNICALLY JEWISH. 这是因为我的家人在种族上是犹太人。 556 00:30:14,600 --> 00:30:17,800 THAT SMALL SOCIAL MARKER WAS ENOUGH 那个小小的社会标志是足够的 557 00:30:17,900 --> 00:30:20,800 TO PROMPT NAZI GENOCIDE. 促使纳粹种族灭绝。 558 00:30:23,800 --> 00:30:25,633 UNDER NORMAL CIRCUMSTANCES, 在正常情况下， 559 00:30:25,733 --> 00:30:27,633 YOU WOULDN'T FIND IT CONSCIONABLE 您不会发现它合理的 560 00:30:27,733 --> 00:30:29,266 TO GO MURDER YOUR NEIGHBOR. 去谋杀你的邻居。 561 00:30:29,366 --> 00:30:33,566 SO WHAT IS IT THAT ALLOWS HUNDREDS OR THOUSANDS OF PEOPLE 因此，这就是数百或数千人 562 00:30:33,666 --> 00:30:36,400 TO SUDDENLY DO EXACTLY THAT? 突然做那件事？ 563 00:30:36,500 --> 00:30:38,566 WHAT IS IT ABOUT CERTAIN SITUATIONS 关于某些情况是什么 564 00:30:38,666 --> 00:30:43,233 THAT SHORT-CIRCUITS THE NORMAL SOCIAL FUNCTIONING OF THE BRAIN? 简而言之，大脑的正常社会功能是什么？ 565 00:30:48,000 --> 00:30:51,733 WHILE THE NAZI HOLOCAUST WAS ON AN UNPRECEDENTED SCALE, 当NAZI Holocust处于前所未有的规模时， 566 00:30:51,833 --> 00:30:54,066 IT WASN'T UNIQUE. 它不是唯一的。 567 00:30:54,166 --> 00:30:58,400 GENOCIDE CONTINUED TO OCCUR ALL OVER THE WORLD. 种族灭绝持续发生在世界各地。 568 00:30:58,500 --> 00:31:03,466 AND WITHIN A GENERATION, IT RETURNED TO EASTERN EUROPE. 一代又一代，它又回到了东欧。 569 00:31:03,566 --> 00:31:06,633 THIS TIME, IT WAS IN YUGOSLAVIA. 这次是在南斯拉夫。 570 00:31:09,300 --> 00:31:11,166 [GUNFIRE] [炮火] 571 00:31:14,966 --> 00:31:19,300 THE BOSNIAN WAR FROM 1992 TO '95 从1992年到95年的波斯尼亚战争 572 00:31:19,400 --> 00:31:22,033 SAW ATROCITIES ON BOTH SIDES. 双方都看到锯。 573 00:31:22,133 --> 00:31:26,666 IN ONE OF THE WORST, MORE THAN 100,000 BOSNIAN MUSLIMS, 在超过10万个波斯尼亚穆斯林的惨案之一中， 574 00:31:26,766 --> 00:31:29,466 KNOWN AS BOSNIAKS, WERE SLAUGHTERED 被称为BONKIAKS，被屠杀了 575 00:31:29,566 --> 00:31:33,600 BY SERBIANS IN ACTIONS KNOWN AS ETHNIC CLEANSING. 由塞尔维亚人采取的称为种族清洗的行动。 576 00:31:35,166 --> 00:31:37,366 ONE OF THE MOST HORRIBLE INCIDENTS 最可怕的事件之一 577 00:31:37,466 --> 00:31:39,900 HAPPENED HERE AT SREBRENICA. 发生在SRBERRENICA。 578 00:31:42,900 --> 00:31:44,033 [MAN SPEAKING FOREIGN LANGUAGE] [说外语的人] 579 00:31:44,133 --> 00:31:46,066 EAGLEMAN, VOICE-OVER: OVER THE COURSE OF JUST 10 DAYS, EAGLEMAN，配音：在仅仅10天的课程中， 580 00:31:46,166 --> 00:31:51,200 8,000 PEOPLE WERE SYSTEMATICALLY KILLED. 系统地杀害了8,000人。 581 00:31:51,300 --> 00:31:53,933 HOW DOES SOMETHING LIKE THIS HAPPEN? 怎么会发生这种情况？ 582 00:31:55,666 --> 00:31:59,466 HERE IN 1995, THOUSANDS OF BOSNIAKS TOOK REFUGE 1995年，成千上万的波斯尼亚克人进行了翻新 583 00:31:59,566 --> 00:32:01,633 INSIDE THIS UNITED NATIONS COMPOUND, 在这个联合国内部， 584 00:32:01,733 --> 00:32:05,966 BECAUSE THIS VILLAGE WAS SURROUNDED BY SIEGE FORCES. 因为这个村庄被SIEGE FORCE包围了。 585 00:32:06,066 --> 00:32:10,966 BUT THEN ON JULY 11th, THE U.N. COMMANDERS MADE THE DECISION 但是，到了7月11日，联合国的工作人员做出了决定 586 00:32:11,066 --> 00:32:13,800 TO EXPEL ALL THE REFUGEES. 驱逐所有难民。 587 00:32:13,900 --> 00:32:15,966 AND THEY DELIVERED THEM RIGHT INTO THE HANDS OF THEIR ENEMIES, 他们将他们带入敌人的手中， 588 00:32:16,066 --> 00:32:19,233 WHO WERE WAITING JUST OUTSIDE THIS GATE. 谁在等这个门外。 589 00:32:19,333 --> 00:32:21,800 WOMEN WERE RAPED, 妇女遭到强奸， 590 00:32:21,900 --> 00:32:26,433 AND MEN WERE EXECUTED, AND EVEN CHILDREN WERE KILLED. 和男人被处决，甚至儿童被杀。 591 00:32:26,533 --> 00:32:29,300 AND THIS WAS JUST THE BEGINNING OF WHAT WOULD BE 而这仅仅是一切的开始 592 00:32:29,400 --> 00:32:33,466 THE LARGEST GENOCIDE ON EUROPEAN SOIL SINCE THE HOLOCAUST. 自浩劫以来，欧洲土壤上发生的最大种族灭绝。 593 00:32:43,000 --> 00:32:44,300 HASAN NUHANOVIC: THE DUTCH WERE THERE. HASAN NUHANOVIC：就是荷兰了。 594 00:32:44,400 --> 00:32:48,733 I MEAN, THE WORLD WAS THERE. YOU KNOW, THE U.N. 我的意思是，世界就在那里。 595 00:32:48,833 --> 00:32:50,733 THE SERBS WERE THERE AS PERPETRATORS. 塞伯斯是柏拉图人。 596 00:32:50,833 --> 00:32:52,133 EVERYTHING WAS MIXED. 一切都杂了。 597 00:32:52,233 --> 00:32:55,300 THE REFUGES WERE THERE, THE BABIES WERE CRYING. 那里有避难所，婴儿正在哭泣。 598 00:32:55,400 --> 00:32:59,900 I WAS THERE BEING PROTECTED WITH THAT U.N. I.D. CARD 我受到联合国内政部的保护 599 00:33:00,000 --> 00:33:03,766 THAT SAID "U.N. LANGUAGE ASSISTANT," WHATEVER. 不管怎么说，“联合国语言助手”。 600 00:33:03,866 --> 00:33:06,833 EAGLEMAN, VOICE-OVER: HASAN NUHANOVIC'S STATUS EAGLEMAN，配音：HASAN NUHANOVIC的状态 601 00:33:06,933 --> 00:33:11,233 AS A U.N. TRANSLATOR MADE HIM PART OF A PROTECTED GROUP. 作为受保护组的联合国翻译员。 602 00:33:11,333 --> 00:33:15,233 BUT HIS FAMILY MEMBERS WERE MARKED OUT 但他的家庭成员已被标出 603 00:33:15,333 --> 00:33:18,033 BY THEIR IDENTITY AS MUSLIMS. 以其身份作为穆斯林。 604 00:33:18,133 --> 00:33:19,800 AT THAT VERY MOMENT WHEN MY FAMILY 在我家人的那一刻 605 00:33:19,900 --> 00:33:21,533 WAS BEING SENT OUT OF THE COMPOUND 正在发送化合物 606 00:33:21,633 --> 00:33:24,366 TO ACTUALLY DIE, I LOST MY-- 其实我死了- 607 00:33:24,466 --> 00:33:25,633 I LOST MY MOTHER, MY BROTHER, 我失去了我的母亲，我的兄弟， 608 00:33:25,733 --> 00:33:27,200 AND MY FATHER. 和我的父亲。 609 00:33:27,300 --> 00:33:29,733 YOU KNOW, LIKE, YOU ARE IN A SITUATION 您知道，就像您处于一种情况 610 00:33:29,833 --> 00:33:32,233 WHEN YOUR FAMILY IS BEING KILLED. 当您的家人被杀时。 611 00:33:32,333 --> 00:33:34,933 AND I WAS THINKING, MY GOD... 我在想，我的上帝... 612 00:33:37,166 --> 00:33:39,533 I MEAN, WHY? 我的意思是，为什么？ 613 00:33:39,633 --> 00:33:41,833 EAGLEMAN, VOICE-OVER: ONE OF THE MOST STRIKING THINGS IS EAGLEMAN，配音：最引人注目的事情之一是 614 00:33:41,933 --> 00:33:45,100 THAT THE PERPETRATORS WEREN'T STRANGERS. 永不束手无策。 615 00:33:45,200 --> 00:33:46,566 THEY WERE PEOPLE WITH WHOM 他们是谁的人 616 00:33:46,666 --> 00:33:50,100 HIS FAMILY HAD PREVIOUSLY SHARED A GREAT DEAL. 他的家人以前曾分享过一笔大生意。 617 00:33:52,266 --> 00:33:53,733 THE CONTINUATION, YOU KNOW, OF... 您知道的持续性... 618 00:33:53,833 --> 00:33:56,466 OF THE KILLINGS, OF TORTURE, 在杀戮的折磨中， 619 00:33:56,566 --> 00:34:01,533 WAS PERPETRATED BY OUR NEIGHBORS. 由我们的邻居实施。 620 00:34:01,633 --> 00:34:03,300 YOU KNOW? 你懂？ 621 00:34:03,400 --> 00:34:05,433 THE VERY PEOPLE WE HAVE BEEN LIVING 我们已经生活的非常人 622 00:34:05,533 --> 00:34:07,500 WITH FOR DECADES. 与十年来。 623 00:34:09,066 --> 00:34:10,300 THEY WERE CAPABLE OF KILLING 他们有杀人能力 624 00:34:10,400 --> 00:34:12,333 THEIR OWN SCHOOL FRIENDS. 他们自己的学校朋友。 625 00:34:15,233 --> 00:34:16,300 I REMEMBER THEY SAID 我记得他们说 626 00:34:16,400 --> 00:34:17,566 THEY ARRESTED A DENTIST 他们逮捕了牙医 627 00:34:17,666 --> 00:34:18,733 WHO WAS A BOSNIAK, 谁是波斯尼亚人， 628 00:34:18,833 --> 00:34:20,500 THE BEST DENTIST IN THE TOWN. 镇上最好的牙医。 629 00:34:22,533 --> 00:34:24,966 THEY TIED HIM UP FROM A LIGHT POLE, 他们把灯柱绑起来， 630 00:34:25,066 --> 00:34:27,133 LIKE THIS IN FRONT OF THE POST OFFICE. 就像在邮局的前面一样。 631 00:34:27,233 --> 00:34:28,966 HE WAS HANGING THERE LIKE THIS. 他挂了像这样的东西。 632 00:34:29,066 --> 00:34:32,600 AND THEY BEAT HIM WITH A METAL BAR. 然后用金属条打败他。 633 00:34:32,699 --> 00:34:34,366 THEY BROKE HIS SPINE. 他们打破了他的脊柱。 634 00:34:34,466 --> 00:34:37,733 AND HE WAS THERE DYING FOR DAYS 他已经死了好几天 635 00:34:37,833 --> 00:34:40,733 WHILE SERB CHILDREN WENT TO SCHOOL, 当SERB儿童上学时， 636 00:34:40,833 --> 00:34:44,733 WALKING BY HIS BODY, YOU KNOW? 您知道他的身体在散步吗？ 637 00:34:46,733 --> 00:34:48,733 I MEAN, THERE ARE UNIVERSAL VALUES. 我的意思是，有普遍的价值。 638 00:34:48,833 --> 00:34:50,600 AND THESE UNIVERSAL VALUES 和这些普遍价值 639 00:34:50,699 --> 00:34:53,333 ARE KIND OF VERY BASIC: 非常基本的： 640 00:34:53,433 --> 00:34:57,233 DON'T KILL... 不要杀... 641 00:34:57,333 --> 00:34:59,733 APRIL '92, THIS DON'T KILL 92年4月，这不会杀人 642 00:34:59,833 --> 00:35:02,466 SUDDENLY DISAPPEARED. 突然消失。 643 00:35:02,566 --> 00:35:04,466 IT WAS LIKE, "GO AND KILL." 就像“去杀”。 644 00:35:05,866 --> 00:35:07,266 IT WAS, ALLOWED TO KILL. 它被允许杀死。 645 00:35:18,566 --> 00:35:21,466 THIS IS WHERE HASAN'S FAMILY IS BURIED. 这就是哈桑家人被埋葬的地方。 646 00:35:21,566 --> 00:35:24,266 AND EACH YEAR, THERE ARE NEW BODIES 每年都有新的机构 647 00:35:24,366 --> 00:35:25,800 THAT ARE FOUND AND IDENTIFIED, 找到并识别出 648 00:35:25,900 --> 00:35:26,966 AND THEY'RE BROUGHT HERE. 和他们在这里崩溃。 649 00:35:27,066 --> 00:35:30,033 MANY OF THESE GRAVES ARE FRESH. 这些坟墓中的许多都是新鲜的。 650 00:35:32,200 --> 00:35:33,900 AND ACROSS THE HUMAN SPECIES, 以及整个人类 651 00:35:34,000 --> 00:35:37,700 THIS IS JUST ONE GENOCIDE OF MANY. 这只是许多种族灭绝。 652 00:35:37,800 --> 00:35:39,800 GENOCIDES KEEP HAPPENING-- 基因突变继续发生- 653 00:35:39,900 --> 00:35:43,766 RWANDA, DARFUR, NANKING, ARMENIA. 卢旺达，达夫，亚美尼亚南京。 654 00:35:43,866 --> 00:35:46,333 AND MY INTEREST IS IN UNDERSTANDING WHY. 而我的兴趣在于了解为什么。 655 00:35:49,300 --> 00:35:51,066 TRADITIONALLY WE ASK THIS QUESTION 传统上我们要问这个问题 656 00:35:51,166 --> 00:35:55,766 THROUGH THE LENS OF HISTORY OR ECONOMICS OR POLITICS. 通过历史，经济学或政治学的镜头。 657 00:35:55,866 --> 00:35:58,166 AND THOSE ARE ALL IMPORTANT VANTAGE POINTS. 这些都是重要的要点。 658 00:35:58,266 --> 00:36:00,133 BUT I THINK FOR A COMPLETE PICTURE, 但我想拍摄一张完整的照片， 659 00:36:00,233 --> 00:36:02,133 ONE MORE LENS IS NEEDED. 需要更多的镜头。 660 00:36:02,233 --> 00:36:06,300 WE NEED TO UNDERSTAND GENOCIDE AS A NEURAL PHENOMENON. 我们需要将种族灭绝理解为一种神经现象。 661 00:36:12,566 --> 00:36:15,300 I'VE BEEN RESEARCHING THIS BACK IN MY LABORATORY. 我已经在实验室里对此进行了研究。 662 00:36:15,400 --> 00:36:20,200 AND HERE IS MY MAIN QUESTION, WHEN WE INTERACT WITH SOMEONE, 这是我的主要问题，当我们与某人互动时， 663 00:36:20,300 --> 00:36:22,800 DOES OUR BRAIN FUNCTION DIFFER 我们的大脑功能不同吗 664 00:36:22,900 --> 00:36:25,700 ACCORDING TO WHICH GROUP THEY ARE IN? 根据他们所在的小组？ 665 00:36:27,433 --> 00:36:28,833 FOR EVERY "IN" GROUP WE BELONG TO, 对于我们所属的每个“组”， 666 00:36:28,933 --> 00:36:31,966 THERE'S AT LEAST ONE GROUP THAT WE DON'T. 我们至少要有一个小组。 667 00:36:32,066 --> 00:36:36,033 AND THAT DIVISION CAN BE BASED ON ANYTHING-- 而且该划分可以基于任何内容- 668 00:36:36,133 --> 00:36:42,766 RACE OR GENDER OR WEALTH OR RELIGION. 种族，性别或财富或宗教。 669 00:36:48,200 --> 00:36:50,900 WE PUT 130 PARTICIPANTS IN THIS SCANNER. 我们在此扫描仪中放置了130名参与者。 670 00:36:52,200 --> 00:36:53,333 [INDISTINCT CONVERSATION] [即时对话] 671 00:36:53,433 --> 00:36:55,333 EAGLEMAN, VOICE-OVER: AND HERE'S WHAT THEY SAW-- 老鹰，画外音：这是他们的声音- 672 00:36:55,433 --> 00:36:56,733 SIX HANDS ON THE SCREEN. 屏幕上的六只手。 673 00:36:56,833 --> 00:36:59,066 AND THE COMPUTER RANDOMLY PICKS ONE OF THESE. 并随机选择其中之一。 674 00:36:59,166 --> 00:37:02,666 AND THEN THAT HAND GETS STABBED BY A SYRINGE NEEDLE. 然后手被注射器针刺伤。 675 00:37:06,733 --> 00:37:08,966 NOW, THAT ACTIVATES THE PAIN MATRIX, 现在，激活疼痛矩阵， 676 00:37:09,066 --> 00:37:10,966 WHICH IS WHAT COMES ON LINE 在线上会发生什么 677 00:37:11,066 --> 00:37:13,333 WHEN YOU'RE IN PAIN OR YOU SEE SOMEONE ELSE IN PAIN. 当您处于痛苦中或看到他人痛苦时。 678 00:37:16,566 --> 00:37:18,000 NOW HERE'S THE TRICK-- 现在是诀窍- 679 00:37:18,100 --> 00:37:21,133 WE NOW ADDED A LABEL TO EACH HAND-- 我们现在为每个手添加了标签- 680 00:37:21,233 --> 00:37:25,633 JEWISH, CHRISTIAN, MUSLIM, HINDU, ATHEIST, SCIENTOLOGIST. 犹太人，基督教徒，穆斯林，印度教，无神论者，科学专家。 681 00:37:25,733 --> 00:37:28,466 AND THE QUESTION IS: WOULD THEY CARE AS MUCH 问题是：他们会尽可能地关心他们吗 682 00:37:28,566 --> 00:37:31,966 WHEN THEY SEE A MEMBER OF THEIR OUT GROUP GETTING STABBED? 他们何时看到他们的外派成员被刺伤？ 683 00:37:33,400 --> 00:37:34,733 [INDISTINCT CONVERSATIONS] [对话] 684 00:37:40,800 --> 00:37:43,300 SO HERE'S WHAT WE FOUND: 因此，我们发现了什么： 685 00:37:43,400 --> 00:37:44,700 HERE'S A SUBJECT. 这是一个主题。 686 00:37:44,800 --> 00:37:46,100 AND WHEN HE WATCHED 当他观看时 687 00:37:46,200 --> 00:37:47,633 A MEMBER OF HIS "IN" GROUP 他的“在”组成员 688 00:37:47,733 --> 00:37:49,800 GETTING STABBED, THERE WAS A LARGE NEURAL RESPONSE 被刺伤，有很大的神经反应 689 00:37:49,900 --> 00:37:51,400 IN THIS AREA OF HIS BRAIN. 在他的大脑区域。 690 00:37:51,500 --> 00:37:54,233 BUT WHEN HE WATCHED A MEMBER OF ONE OF HIS "OUT" GROUPS 但是，当他观看“他的”一个团体中的一个成员时 691 00:37:54,333 --> 00:37:58,266 GET STABBED, THERE WAS ESSENTIALLY A FLAT LINE. 刺伤，基本上是一条平线。 692 00:38:00,533 --> 00:38:02,766 WE SCANNED A RANGE OF VOLUNTEERS. 我们为众多志愿者服务。 693 00:38:02,866 --> 00:38:04,466 AND THERE ARE INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES, 并且存在个体差异， 694 00:38:04,566 --> 00:38:07,133 BUT THE TREND IS CLEAR. 但是趋势很明确。 695 00:38:07,233 --> 00:38:10,466 A SINGLE WORD LABEL IS ENOUGH TO CHANGE 单字标签已足够更改 696 00:38:10,566 --> 00:38:13,466 YOUR BRAIN'S BASIC PRE-CONSCIOUS RESPONSE 您的大脑的基本先天性反应 697 00:38:13,566 --> 00:38:15,300 TO ANOTHER PERSON IN PAIN-- 对于另一个人来说- 698 00:38:15,400 --> 00:38:18,133 IN OTHER WORDS, HOW MUCH YOU CARE ABOUT THEM. 换句话说，您如何关心它们。 699 00:38:18,233 --> 00:38:20,900 NOW, YOU MIGHT HAVE OPINIONS ABOUT RELIGION 现在，您可能对宗教有意见 700 00:38:21,000 --> 00:38:23,133 AND ITS HISTORICAL DIVISIVENESS, 及其历史划分 701 00:38:23,233 --> 00:38:26,233 BUT EVEN ATHEISTS HERE CARE MORE 但是，即使是无神论者也在这里 702 00:38:26,333 --> 00:38:28,966 ABOUT OTHER ATHEISTS' HANDS GETTING STABBED 关于其他无神论者的手被刺伤 703 00:38:29,066 --> 00:38:30,633 THAN THEY DO ABOUT OTHER PEOPLE. 比其他人更重要。 704 00:38:30,733 --> 00:38:32,900 SO IT'S NOT REALLY ABOUT RELIGION. 因此，它与宗教无关。 705 00:38:33,000 --> 00:38:35,233 IT'S ABOUT WHICH TEAM YOU'RE ON. 这与您所在的团队有关。 706 00:38:40,200 --> 00:38:42,566 THIS IS JUST THE FIRST STEP IN UNDERSTANDING 这只是了解的第一步 707 00:38:42,666 --> 00:38:44,933 HOW WE GET TO THIS. 我们如何做到这一点。 708 00:38:52,333 --> 00:38:56,566 TO UNDERSTAND HOW GROUPS OF PEOPLE CAN COMMIT ATROCITIES, 要了解人们如何进行暴行， 709 00:38:56,666 --> 00:38:59,266 IT CAN HELP TO LOOK AT THE BEHAVIOR OF INDIVIDUALS 它可以帮助您查看个人的行为 710 00:38:59,366 --> 00:39:00,766 LIKE PSYCHOPATHS. 像是精神病患者。 711 00:39:02,433 --> 00:39:06,966 SOME OF THE MOST CALLOUS, INHUMANE CRIMES EVER RECORDED 某些历史上最丑陋，残酷的犯罪记录 712 00:39:07,066 --> 00:39:09,666 HAVE BEEN COMMITTED BY PSYCHOPATHS. 已被心理障碍者委托。 713 00:39:12,066 --> 00:39:14,266 BUT WHAT'S DIFFERENT ABOUT THEIR BRAINS 但是它们的大脑有什么不同 714 00:39:14,366 --> 00:39:17,000 THAT ALLOWS THEM TO ACT THAT WAY? 允许他们以这种方式采取行动？ 715 00:39:20,066 --> 00:39:23,300 THERE ARE NETWORKS IN THE MEDIAL PREFRONTAL CORTEX 内侧前皮质有网络 716 00:39:23,400 --> 00:39:26,966 THAT UNDERLIE SOCIAL INTERACTION. 理解社会互动。 717 00:39:27,066 --> 00:39:29,600 WHEN WE INTERACT WITH OTHER PEOPLE, 当我们与其他人互动时， 718 00:39:29,700 --> 00:39:32,633 THIS AREA BECOMES ACTIVE. 该区域变为活动状态。 719 00:39:32,733 --> 00:39:36,433 BUT IN THE BRAIN OF SOMEONE WITH EXTREME PSYCHOPATHY, 但是，患有极度精神病的人的大脑， 720 00:39:36,533 --> 00:39:39,700 THIS AREA HAS A LOT LESS ACTIVITY. 该区域缺少很多活动。 721 00:39:41,166 --> 00:39:44,466 A PSYCHOPATH DOESN'T CARE ABOUT YOU. 精神病患者不在乎您。 722 00:39:44,566 --> 00:39:46,300 HE MIGHT BE ABLE TO RUN A SIMULATION 他可能可以运行模拟 723 00:39:46,400 --> 00:39:49,166 OF WHAT YOU'RE GOING TO DO OR HOW YOU MIGHT REACT, 关于您将要做什么或可能如何反应， 724 00:39:49,266 --> 00:39:51,866 BUT WHEN IT COMES TO AN EMOTIONAL UNDERSTANDING 但是，当它成为一种情感理解时 725 00:39:51,966 --> 00:39:55,800 OF WHAT IT'S LIKE TO BE YOU, HE DOESN'T GET THAT. 关于您的身份，他没有得到。 726 00:39:55,900 --> 00:39:58,133 TO HIM YOU'RE JUST AN OBSTACLE 暗示你只是一个障碍 727 00:39:58,233 --> 00:40:00,233 TO BE WORKED AROUND OR MANIPULATED 可以周遭或被操纵 728 00:40:00,333 --> 00:40:03,833 RATHER THAN A FELLOW HUMAN BEING. 比人类同在还多。 729 00:40:03,933 --> 00:40:06,300 SO WHAT ACCOUNTS FOR GENOCIDE? 那么种族灭绝的原因呢？ 730 00:40:06,400 --> 00:40:09,000 IS IT DRIVEN BY ARMIES OF PSYCHOPATHS? 它是由许多精神病患者驱动的吗？ 731 00:40:09,100 --> 00:40:11,166 WELL, THAT CAN'T BE IT 好吧，那不可能 732 00:40:11,266 --> 00:40:12,566 BECAUSE PSYCHOPATHS ONLY MAKE UP 因为只有心理障碍才能弥补 733 00:40:12,666 --> 00:40:14,466 A SMALL FRACTION OF THE POPULATION, 人口的小部分， 734 00:40:14,566 --> 00:40:18,300 BUT GENOCIDE TYPICALLY ENGAGES A WIDER COMMUNITY. 但是，种族灭绝通常会吸引更多的社区。 735 00:40:18,400 --> 00:40:20,066 SO HERE'S THE QUESTION: 因此，这里的问题是： 736 00:40:20,166 --> 00:40:23,233 HOW DO YOU GET ORDINARY CITIZENS ON BOARD? 您如何在船上获得普通公民？ 737 00:40:29,566 --> 00:40:32,733 AT THE UNIVERSITY OF LEIDEN IN HOLLAND, 在荷兰莱顿大学， 738 00:40:32,833 --> 00:40:35,900 DR. LASANA HARRIS HAS BEEN CONDUCTING AN EXPERIMENT 博士 739 00:40:36,000 --> 00:40:38,500 TO UNDERSTAND A PIECE OF THIS PUZZLE. 了解这一难题。 740 00:40:40,333 --> 00:40:42,266 [INDISTINCT CONVERSATION] [即时对话] 741 00:40:49,666 --> 00:40:52,866 HARRIS: SO NOW WE'RE GOING TO START THE EXPERIMENT. 哈里斯：所以现在我们要开始实验。 742 00:40:52,966 --> 00:40:54,400 WHAT YOU'RE GOING TO SEE IS 您要看的是 743 00:40:54,500 --> 00:40:56,566 A BUNCH OF PICTURES OF DIFFERENT PEOPLE. 一堆不同的人的照片。 744 00:40:56,666 --> 00:40:59,800 YOUR JOB IS JUST TO REACT NATURALLY TO THOSE PICTURES. 您的工作只是对这些图片做出自然反应。 745 00:40:59,900 --> 00:41:03,533 EAGLEMAN, VOICE-OVER: LASANA IS LOOKING AT ACTIVITY EAGLEMAN，旁白：LASANA正在寻找活动 746 00:41:03,633 --> 00:41:07,633 IN THE BRAIN AREAS INVOLVED IN HUMAN SOCIAL INTERACTION, 在涉及人类社会互动的大脑领域， 747 00:41:07,733 --> 00:41:11,400 IN PARTICULAR, THE MEDIAL PREFRONTAL CORTEX. 特别是内侧前皮质。 748 00:41:11,500 --> 00:41:14,366 THIS COMES ON LINE WHEN WE THINK ABOUT OTHER PEOPLE. 当我们对其他人进行思考时，就会出现这种情况。 749 00:41:14,466 --> 00:41:15,633 IT'S LESS ACTIVE 很少活动 750 00:41:15,733 --> 00:41:19,666 WHEN DEALING WITH SOMETHING INANIMATE, LIKE A CUP. 处理某些东西时，就像一个杯子。 751 00:41:19,766 --> 00:41:23,066 WHAT LASANA FOUND IS THAT THIS REGION HAS LASANA发现的是这个地区 752 00:41:23,166 --> 00:41:25,133 A SIMILARLY LOW RESPONSE 类似的低响应 753 00:41:25,233 --> 00:41:29,333 WHEN WE DEAL WITH CERTAIN TYPES OF OTHER PEOPLE. 当我们与其他人的某些类型进行交易时。 754 00:41:32,300 --> 00:41:35,666 HARRIS: WHAT HE SEES NOW ARE STEREOTYPICAL IMAGES 哈里斯：他现在所见的是定型图像 755 00:41:35,766 --> 00:41:38,233 OF PEOPLE FROM DIFFERENT SOCIAL GROUPS. 不同社会群体的人。 756 00:41:41,333 --> 00:41:44,833 WHAT WE SEE HERE IS AT THIS NETWORK OF BRAIN REGIONS, 我们在此看到的大脑区域网络 757 00:41:44,933 --> 00:41:47,866 INCLUDING MEDIAL PREFRONTAL CORTEX, 包括内侧前皮质， 758 00:41:47,966 --> 00:41:50,400 IS LESS ACTIVE WHEN OUR PARTICIPANT 当我们的参与者不活跃 759 00:41:50,500 --> 00:41:51,633 LOOKS AT THE HOMELESS PEOPLE. 看着无家可归的人。 760 00:41:51,733 --> 00:41:55,066 SO WHAT THIS PATTERN OF ACTIVITY SUGGESTS 那么这种活动模式是什么 761 00:41:55,166 --> 00:41:56,533 IS A TYPE OF MENTAL AVOIDANCE. 是一种心理回避。 762 00:41:56,633 --> 00:41:59,733 THEY ARE NOT THINKING ABOUT THE MIND OF THE HOMELESS PERSON 他们对无家可归者的思想没有想法 763 00:41:59,833 --> 00:42:01,633 IN THE SAME WAY THEY THOUGHT 他们以同样的方式思考 764 00:42:01,733 --> 00:42:04,133 ABOUT THE MIND OF THE COLLEGE STUDENTS 关于大学生的思想 765 00:42:04,233 --> 00:42:05,833 THAT THEY SAW OR THE BUSINESSPEOPLE. 他们锯或商人。 766 00:42:08,566 --> 00:42:11,233 HARRIS: SO IF FOR INSTANCE YOU IMAGINE 哈里斯：所以如果想实例化，请想象 767 00:42:11,333 --> 00:42:13,066 THAT INTERACTING WITH A HOMELESS PERSON 与无家可归者互动 768 00:42:13,166 --> 00:42:15,800 WILL BE UNPLEASANT, IT WILL MAKE YOU WILL FEEL BAD. 将会令人不快，这会让您感到不适。 769 00:42:15,900 --> 00:42:18,733 YOU MAY FEEL SOME DEMAND TO DONATE SOME OF YOUR MONEY 您可能会觉得有些需要捐款 770 00:42:18,833 --> 00:42:20,966 AND ALL OF THESE UNPLEASANT PRESSURES 和所有这些令人不快的压力 771 00:42:21,066 --> 00:42:22,733 THAT COME ALONG WITH IT. 随之而来的。 772 00:42:22,833 --> 00:42:24,800 BY SHUTTING OFF THOSE SYSTEMS, 通过关闭这些系统， 773 00:42:24,900 --> 00:42:27,066 YOU NEVER EXPERIENCE THOSE FEELINGS. 您从未体验过这种感觉。 774 00:42:29,900 --> 00:42:33,066 EAGLEMAN, VOICE-OVER: TO A BRAIN THAT RESPONDS THIS WAY, EAGLEMAN，VOICE-OVER：应对这种方式的大脑， 775 00:42:33,166 --> 00:42:34,900 HOMELESS PEOPLE ARE DEHUMANIZED. 无家可归的人被绝杀。 776 00:42:35,000 --> 00:42:37,900 THEY'RE VIEWED MORE LIKE OBJECTS. 他们被视为更多类似的对象。 777 00:42:38,000 --> 00:42:40,400 AND THAT CAN ENABLE US TO NOT CARE. 并且可以使我们无需理会。 778 00:42:44,166 --> 00:42:46,733 HARRIS: OF COURSE IF YOU DON'T PROPERLY DIAGNOSE 哈里斯：当然，如果您不正确地进行诊断 779 00:42:46,833 --> 00:42:49,900 THIS PERSON AS A HUMAN BEING, WHICH IS HAPPENING HERE, 这个人是人类，正在这里发生， 780 00:42:50,000 --> 00:42:52,566 THEN THE DIFFERENT MORAL RULES WE HAVE 然后我们有不同的道德准则 781 00:42:52,666 --> 00:42:55,466 THAT ARE RESERVED FOR HUMAN PEOPLE MAY NOT APPLY. 保留给人类的内容可能不适用。 782 00:42:59,600 --> 00:43:01,766 EAGLEMAN, VOICE-OVER: SO UNDER THE RIGHT CIRCUMSTANCES, 埃格曼，旁白：在正确的情况下， 783 00:43:01,866 --> 00:43:06,133 OUR BRAIN ACTIVITY CAN LOOK MORE LIKE A PSYCHOPATH'S. 我们的大脑活动可以像精神病患者一样寻找更多。 784 00:43:06,233 --> 00:43:10,400 BUT TO UNDERSTAND HOW WE CAN GET TO GENOCIDE, 但要了解我们如何可以种族灭绝， 785 00:43:10,500 --> 00:43:15,300 WE NEED TO UNDERSTAND ONE MORE THING ABOUT GROUP BEHAVIOR. 我们需要了解有关群体行为的更多信息。 786 00:43:15,400 --> 00:43:18,033 GENOCIDE IS ONLY POSSIBLE 仅种族灭绝 787 00:43:18,133 --> 00:43:21,233 WHEN DEHUMANIZATION HAPPENS ON A MASSIVE SCALE. 当超大规模化发生时。 788 00:43:21,333 --> 00:43:22,966 NOT JUST A FEW INDIVIDUALS, 不仅仅是几个人， 789 00:43:23,066 --> 00:43:24,900 BUT WHOLE SECTIONS OF THE POPULATION. 但是人口的整个部分。 790 00:43:26,566 --> 00:43:31,700 WE'RE TALKING ABOUT A GROUP OF PEOPLE COMMITTING ATROCITIES. 我们正在与一群人一起犯下暴行。 791 00:43:31,800 --> 00:43:33,300 [MAN SPEAKING INDISTINCTLY] [男子直言不讳] 792 00:43:33,400 --> 00:43:34,800 EAGLEMAN, VOICE-OVER: AND IF ALL THE MEMBERS EAGLEMAN，配音：以及如果所有成员 793 00:43:34,900 --> 00:43:37,400 OF THAT PERPETRATING GROUP ARE COMPLICIT, 那个犯罪集团是复杂的 794 00:43:37,500 --> 00:43:39,733 IT'S AS IF THEY'VE ALL SOMEHOW EXPERIENCED 就好像他们都有一定的经验 795 00:43:39,833 --> 00:43:42,566 THE SAME REDUCTION IN BRAIN ACTIVITY 大脑活动的相同减少 796 00:43:42,666 --> 00:43:45,133 WHEN THEY THINK ABOUT THEIR "OUT" GROUP. 当他们考虑他们的“出”组时。 797 00:43:47,733 --> 00:43:49,566 THIS CAN BE UNDERSTOOD AND STUDIED 这可以理解和研究 798 00:43:49,666 --> 00:43:51,433 LIKE A DISEASE OUTBREAK, 就像疾病爆发一样， 799 00:43:51,533 --> 00:43:53,866 A KIND OF GROUP CONTAGION-- 一类团体传染病 800 00:43:53,966 --> 00:43:57,266 ONE THAT'S MOST OFTEN SPREAD DELIBERATELY. 最经常有人传播的一种。 801 00:44:01,400 --> 00:44:05,066 THE PERFECT TOOL FOR THIS JOB IS PROPAGANDA. 此职位的最佳工具是宣传。 802 00:44:05,166 --> 00:44:07,133 IT PLUGS RIGHT INTO NEURAL NETWORKS, 它正确地插入了神经网络， 803 00:44:07,233 --> 00:44:09,133 AND IT DIALS DOWN THE DEGREE 和它降低了学位 804 00:44:09,233 --> 00:44:11,566 TO WHICH WE CARE ABOUT OTHER PEOPLE. 我们关心其他人的问题。 805 00:44:11,666 --> 00:44:14,800 JUST LIKE ALL SITES OF GENOCIDE, 就像种族灭绝的所有地点一样， 806 00:44:14,900 --> 00:44:18,133 THAT'S WHAT HAPPENED IN THE FORMER YUGOSLAVIA. 这就是前南斯拉夫发生的事情。 807 00:44:18,233 --> 00:44:20,466 THE PEOPLE WHO WENT ON TO TORTURE AND KILL 遭受酷刑和杀害的人 808 00:44:20,566 --> 00:44:25,166 THEIR NEIGHBORS WERE BOMBARDED WITH PROPAGANDA. 他们的邻居被宣传了。 809 00:44:25,266 --> 00:44:27,966 STATE-CONTROLLED BROADCASTERS DEMONIZED 示范了国家控制的广播电视 810 00:44:28,066 --> 00:44:31,866 THE BOSNIAN MUSLIMS WITH DISTORTED NEWS STORIES. 波黑的新闻故事失真。 811 00:44:31,966 --> 00:44:33,233 MAN: I READ YOU FROM THE BEGINNING 男人：我从一开始就读给你 812 00:44:33,333 --> 00:44:36,866 THAT SOMEBODY IS, UH, HELPING MUSLIMS, UH, AND ARMING THEM. 那是某人，嗯，正在帮助穆斯林，嗯，并武装他们。 813 00:44:36,966 --> 00:44:38,433 EAGLEMAN, VOICE-OVER: THEY WENT SO FAR AS TO CLAIM 伊格曼（EAGLEMAN），旁白：他们如此称赞 814 00:44:38,533 --> 00:44:41,766 THAT THE MUSLIMS WERE FEEDING SERBIAN CHILDREN 穆斯林正在喂养塞尔维亚儿童 815 00:44:41,866 --> 00:44:43,933 TO THE LIONS AT THE ZOO. 动物园里的狮子。 816 00:44:47,500 --> 00:44:49,100 ACROSS PLACE AND TIME, 在不同的时间和地点， 817 00:44:49,200 --> 00:44:52,400 THE LANGUAGE OF PROPAGANDA CHANGES VERY LITTLE. 宣传语言变化很小。 818 00:44:52,500 --> 00:44:56,133 IT ALWAYS PLAYS THE FAMILIAR TUNE OF DEHUMANIZATION: 总是会播放变态的熟悉调： 819 00:44:56,233 --> 00:45:00,366 MAKE YOUR ENEMY LESS THAN HUMAN, MAKE THEM LIKE AN ANIMAL. 让您的敌人比人类少，让他们像动物一样。 820 00:45:03,400 --> 00:45:05,500 PROPAGANDA IS A WEAPON. 宣传是武器。 821 00:45:08,466 --> 00:45:12,466 AND OVER THE COURSE OF HUMAN HISTORY, IT'S BECOME AN ART 在人类历史的过程中，它已成为一门艺术 822 00:45:12,566 --> 00:45:14,366 AND A SCIENCE. 和科学。 823 00:45:14,466 --> 00:45:15,766 AND IT'S BECOME 和它成为 824 00:45:15,866 --> 00:45:18,300 EVER MORE DANGEROUS. 更加危险。 825 00:45:23,900 --> 00:45:26,333 EAGLEMAN, VOICE-OVER: IN OUR CONNECTED AGE, EAGLEMAN，配音：在我们的互联时代， 826 00:45:26,433 --> 00:45:28,166 ANY EXTREMIST GROUP 任何极端集团 827 00:45:28,266 --> 00:45:32,066 CAN REACH MILLIONS OF PEOPLE WITH A KEYSTROKE. 击键可以吸引数以百万计的人。 828 00:45:32,166 --> 00:45:36,066 THE INTERNET IS THE PERFECT CARRIER FOR PROPAGANDA MESSAGES 互联网是宣传消息的完美载体 829 00:45:36,166 --> 00:45:38,933 TO REACH THE PEOPLE MOST LIKELY TO ACT UPON THEM-- 让人们最有可能采取行动– 830 00:45:39,033 --> 00:45:40,566 YOUNG MEN. 年轻人。 831 00:45:40,666 --> 00:45:42,600 [ANNOUNCER SPEAKING FOREIGN LANGUAGE] [播音员说外语] 832 00:45:44,366 --> 00:45:47,566 EAGLEMAN, VOICE-OVER: THE POLITICAL AGENDAS AROUND US 伊格曼（EAGLEMAN），旁白：我们周围的政治议程 833 00:45:47,666 --> 00:45:52,566 ACTUALLY MANIPULATE THE BRAIN ACTIVITY INSIDE OF US. 实际操纵美国内部的大脑活动。 834 00:45:52,666 --> 00:45:56,200 SO IS THERE ANY WAY TO STOP WHAT'S HAPPENED IN THE PAST 所以有什么办法可以阻止过去发生的事情 835 00:45:56,300 --> 00:45:58,866 FROM CONTINUING INTO THE FUTURE? 从继续走向未来？ 836 00:46:01,900 --> 00:46:06,133 ONE POSSIBLE SOLUTION LIES IN A 1960s EXPERIMENT 一个可能的解决方案在于1960年代的实验 837 00:46:06,233 --> 00:46:10,566 THAT WAS CONDUCTED NOT IN A SCIENCE LAB BUT A SCHOOL. 这不是在科学实验室中进行的，而是一所学校。 838 00:46:10,666 --> 00:46:13,166 [INDISTINCT SHOUTING] [直呼] 839 00:46:13,266 --> 00:46:15,466 EAGLEMAN, VOICE-OVER: IT WAS 1968, 伊格曼（EAGLEMAN），旁白：1968年， 840 00:46:15,566 --> 00:46:20,300 THE DAY AFTER THE ASSASSINATION OF MARTIN LUTHER KING. 马丁·路德·金被暗杀的第二天。 841 00:46:24,833 --> 00:46:27,000 JANE ELLIOTT: IS THERE ANYONE IN THIS UNITED STATES 简·埃利奥特（JANE ELLIOTT）：这个人在美国吗 842 00:46:27,100 --> 00:46:29,333 THAT WE DO NOT TREAT AS OUR BROTHERS? 我们不像我们的兄弟那样对待吗？ 843 00:46:29,433 --> 00:46:30,466 YEAH. ELLIOTT: WHO? 是的 844 00:46:30,566 --> 00:46:31,666 THE BLACK PEOPLE. 黑人们。 845 00:46:31,766 --> 00:46:33,066 THE BLACK PEOPLE. WHO ELSE? 黑人们。 846 00:46:33,166 --> 00:46:34,600 EAGLEMAN, VOICE-OVER: JANE ELLIOTT WAS A TEACHER EAGLEMAN，配音：JANE ELLIOTT是一位老师 847 00:46:34,700 --> 00:46:36,733 IN A SMALL TOWN IN IOWA. 在爱荷华州的一个小城镇。 848 00:46:36,833 --> 00:46:38,233 AND SHE WANTED TO SHOW HER CLASS 并且她想上课 849 00:46:38,333 --> 00:46:40,633 WHAT PREJUDICE REALLY FELT LIKE. 真正的偏见是什么。 850 00:46:40,733 --> 00:46:42,266 HOW ARE BLACK PEOPLE TREATED? 黑人如何治疗？ 851 00:46:42,366 --> 00:46:44,233 STUDENT: THEY DON'T GET ANYTHING IN THIS WORLD. 学生：他们在这个世界上什么都没有。 852 00:46:44,333 --> 00:46:45,566 ELLIOTT: WHY IS THAT? 艾略特：为什么？ 853 00:46:45,666 --> 00:46:47,433 BECAUSE THEY'RE A DIFFERENT COLOR. 因为它们是不同的颜色。 854 00:46:49,833 --> 00:46:53,466 EAGLEMAN, VOICE-OVER: THESE TWO MEN WERE IN THAT CLASS. 埃格勒曼，配音：这两个男人是同一类。 855 00:46:53,566 --> 00:46:55,966 THIS WAS REX BACK THEN... 这是雷克斯回来然后... 856 00:46:57,966 --> 00:47:00,200 AND THIS WAS RAY. 这是射线。 857 00:47:02,400 --> 00:47:05,500 ELLIOTT: HOW MANY IN HERE HAVE BLUE EYES? 艾略特：那里有多少蓝眼睛？ 858 00:47:05,600 --> 00:47:08,433 OK. HOW MANY IN HERE HAVE BROWN EYES? 好。 859 00:47:08,533 --> 00:47:10,066 RAY, VOICE-OVER: JANE SAYS WE'RE GOING TO HAVE RAY，旁白：简说我们要做 860 00:47:10,166 --> 00:47:11,633 THIS EXERCISE. 这项运动。 861 00:47:11,733 --> 00:47:14,300 AND SHE RIGHT AWAY LAUNCHES INTO THE PROPAGANDA 和她马上开始宣传 862 00:47:14,400 --> 00:47:17,100 OF BLUE EYES ARE BETTER THAN BROWN EYES. 蓝眼睛比棕色眼睛要好。 863 00:47:17,200 --> 00:47:21,400 BLUE-EYED PEOPLE ARE BETTER THAN BROWN-EYED PEOPLE. 蓝眼睛的人比棕眼睛的人好。 864 00:47:23,100 --> 00:47:27,133 EAGLEMAN, VOICE-OVER: RAY AND REX BOTH HAVE BLUE EYES. EAGLEMAN，配音：雷和雷克斯都拥有蓝眼睛。 865 00:47:27,233 --> 00:47:29,500 ELLIOTT: YOU BROWN-EYED PEOPLE ARE NOT TO PLAY 埃利奥特：您不敢玩的人 866 00:47:29,600 --> 00:47:32,733 WITH THE BLUE-EYED PEOPLE ON THE PLAYGROUND 操场上有蓝眼睛的人 867 00:47:32,833 --> 00:47:35,900 BECAUSE YOU ARE NOT AS GOOD AS BLUE-EYED PEOPLE. 因为您不如蓝眼睛的人那么好。 868 00:47:36,000 --> 00:47:37,600 EAGLEMAN, VOICE-OVER: THE BROWN-EYEDS WERE DENIED EAGLEMAN，配音：棕色眼睛被拒绝 869 00:47:37,700 --> 00:47:39,933 PRIVILEGES GIVEN TO THE BLUE-EYEDS, 给予蓝眼睛的特权， 870 00:47:40,033 --> 00:47:41,566 AND THEY HAD TO WEAR SPECIAL COLLARS. 并且他们必须穿特殊的领子。 871 00:47:41,666 --> 00:47:43,100 ELLIOTT: YOU'LL BEGIN TO NOTICE TODAY ELLIOTT：您今天就开始注意 872 00:47:43,200 --> 00:47:44,733 THAT WE SPEND A GREAT DEAL OF TIME 我们花费了大量时间 873 00:47:44,833 --> 00:47:46,933 WAITING FOR BROWN-EYED PEOPLE. 等待棕褐色的人。 874 00:47:55,000 --> 00:47:57,100 EAGLEMAN: DO YOU REMEMBER, UH... EAGLEMAN：您记得吗，呃... 875 00:47:57,200 --> 00:48:00,733 WHAT YOUR OWN BEHAVIOR WAS LIKE WHEN YOU WERE ON TOP? 当您处于最佳状态时，您的行为像什么？ 876 00:48:00,833 --> 00:48:03,966 I WAS TREMENDOUSLY EVIL TO MY FRIENDS. 我对我的朋友大为恶毒。 877 00:48:04,066 --> 00:48:05,800 HOW SO? 为何如此？ 878 00:48:05,900 --> 00:48:08,966 I WAS GOING OUT OF MY WAY 我走了自己的路 879 00:48:09,066 --> 00:48:11,800 TO PICK ON MY BROWN-EYED FRIENDS 挑选我的棕眼朋友 880 00:48:11,900 --> 00:48:15,133 FOR THE SAKE OF MY OWN PROMOTION. 为了自己的晋升。 881 00:48:15,233 --> 00:48:18,466 WHAT DID YOU DO? 你做了什么？ 882 00:48:18,566 --> 00:48:23,300 RAY: I RECALL TELLING MRS. ELLIOTT, JANE, 雷：我打电话给太太。 883 00:48:23,400 --> 00:48:25,966 THAT SHE SHOULD KEEP THE YARDSTICK AT HAND 她应该保持手腕上的码尺 884 00:48:26,066 --> 00:48:28,233 IN CASE THOSE BROWN-EYEDS GOT OUT OF CONTROL. 在某些情况下，如果棕褐色的眼睛无法控制。 885 00:48:28,333 --> 00:48:29,233 ELLIOTT: I DON'T SEE THE YARDSTICK. 艾略特：我看不到码尺。 886 00:48:29,333 --> 00:48:30,300 DO YOU? 你做？ 887 00:48:30,400 --> 00:48:31,966 IT'S DOWN OVER THERE. 到处都是。 888 00:48:32,066 --> 00:48:33,566 HEY, MISS ELLIOTT, YOU BETTER KEEP THAT 嗨，埃利奥特小姐，您最好继续保持 889 00:48:33,666 --> 00:48:34,900 ON YOUR DESK. 在你桌上。 890 00:48:35,000 --> 00:48:39,133 DON'T LET THE BROWN-EYED PEOPLE GET OUT OF HAND. 不要让棕褐色的人束手无策。 891 00:48:39,233 --> 00:48:40,566 RAY: AT THAT TIME, MY HAIR WAS QUITE BLOND 蕾：那时我的头发很白 892 00:48:40,666 --> 00:48:42,400 AND MY EYES WERE QUITE BLUE. 和我的眼睛很蓝。 893 00:48:42,500 --> 00:48:45,566 AND I WAS THE PERFECT LITTLE NAZI. 而且我是完美的纳粹 894 00:48:45,666 --> 00:48:51,066 I LOOKED FOR WAYS TO BE MEAN TO MY FRIENDS, 我寻找与朋友相处的方式， 895 00:48:51,166 --> 00:48:54,733 WHO MINUTES OR HOURS EARLIER 谁早点或几小时 896 00:48:54,833 --> 00:48:56,766 HAD BEEN VERY CLOSE TO ME. 离我很近。 897 00:48:58,800 --> 00:49:00,300 EAGLEMAN, VOICE-OVER: BUT THE NEXT DAY, EAGLEMAN，配音：但是第二天， 898 00:49:00,400 --> 00:49:02,933 THERE WAS A REVERSAL OF FORTUNE. 有一个逆转的财富。 899 00:49:03,033 --> 00:49:06,966 ELLIOTT: YESTERDAY I TOLD YOU THAT BROWN-EYED PEOPLE 艾略特：昨天我告诉过你那棕眼睛的人 900 00:49:07,066 --> 00:49:08,633 AREN'T AS GOOD AS BLUE-EYED PEOPLE. 不像蓝眼睛的人那样好。 901 00:49:08,733 --> 00:49:09,800 THAT WASN'T TRUE. 那不是真的。 902 00:49:09,900 --> 00:49:12,200 I LIED TO YOU YESTERDAY. 昨天我骗了你。 903 00:49:12,300 --> 00:49:15,566 STUDENT: OH, BOY... 学生：哦，男孩... 904 00:49:15,666 --> 00:49:18,966 ELLIOTT: THE TRUTH IS THAT BROWN-EYED PEOPLE 艾略特：真相是棕眼睛的人 905 00:49:19,066 --> 00:49:20,800 ARE BETTER THAN BLUE-EYED PEOPLE. 比蓝眼睛的人好。 906 00:49:20,900 --> 00:49:23,133 REX, VOICE-OVER: A PERSON YOU TRUST STANDS BEFORE YOU REX，配音：您信任的人在您面前 907 00:49:23,233 --> 00:49:26,133 AND SAYS, "I WAS WRONG. 并说：“我错了。 908 00:49:26,233 --> 00:49:28,466 NOW HERE'S THE TRUTH," 现在是真相，” 909 00:49:28,566 --> 00:49:32,133 TAKES YOUR WORLD AND SHATTERS IT 引领您的世界，让世界更美好 910 00:49:32,233 --> 00:49:36,133 LIKE YOU'VE NEVER HAD YOUR WORLD SHATTERED BEFORE. 就像您从未有过的世界之前一样。 911 00:49:36,233 --> 00:49:37,466 ELLIOTT: YOU BLUE-EYED PEOPLE 艾略特：你是蓝眼睛的人 912 00:49:37,566 --> 00:49:40,300 ARE NOT TO PLAY WITH THE BROWN-EYED PEOPLE. 不可与棕褐色的人玩耍。 913 00:49:40,400 --> 00:49:42,133 BLUE-EYED PEOPLE GO TO THE BACK. 蓝眼睛的人回到了后面。 914 00:49:42,233 --> 00:49:43,533 THE BROWN-EYED PEOPLE COME TO THE FRONT. 棕褐色的人来到了前面。 915 00:49:45,233 --> 00:49:47,166 [INDISTINCT CONVERSATIONS] [对话] 916 00:49:51,033 --> 00:49:52,333 EAGLEMAN: TELL ME A LITTLE MORE EAGLEMAN：告诉我一点更多 917 00:49:52,433 --> 00:49:54,800 ABOUT WHAT IT WAS LIKE WHEN YOU WERE IN THE DOWN GROUP. 关于当您进入DOWN组时的感觉。 918 00:49:54,900 --> 00:49:57,033 YOU HAVE SUCH A SENSE OF LOSS-- 您有某种损失- 919 00:49:57,133 --> 00:49:59,133 OF PERSONALITY AND SELF-- 人格和自我- 920 00:49:59,233 --> 00:50:01,766 THAT IT MAKES IT ALMOST IMPOSSIBLE TO FUNCTION 它使功能几乎不可能实现 921 00:50:01,866 --> 00:50:04,133 WITH WHAT'S GOING ON IN THE ROOM. 房间里正在发生什么。 922 00:50:04,233 --> 00:50:07,300 SHOULD THE COLOR OF SOME OTHER PERSON'S EYES 应该是其他人眼睛的颜色 923 00:50:07,400 --> 00:50:08,666 HAVE ANYTHING TO DO WITH HOW YOU TREAT THEM? 与您如何对待它们有什么关系？ 924 00:50:08,766 --> 00:50:09,666 NO, NO. 不，不。 925 00:50:09,766 --> 00:50:10,833 ELLIOTT: ALL RIGHT. 艾略特：好的。 926 00:50:10,933 --> 00:50:12,366 THEN SHOULD THE COLOR OF THEIR SKIN? 那应该是他们肤色的颜色吗？ 927 00:50:12,466 --> 00:50:13,800 STUDENTS: NO. 学生：不可以。 928 00:50:13,900 --> 00:50:15,266 SHOULD YOU JUDGE PEOPLE... 您应该判断人... 929 00:50:15,366 --> 00:50:16,300 NO... 没有... 930 00:50:16,400 --> 00:50:17,466 BY THE COLOR... NO... 由颜色...不... 931 00:50:17,566 --> 00:50:18,666 OF THEIR SKIN? 他们的皮肤？ 932 00:50:18,766 --> 00:50:20,000 NO. 没有。 933 00:50:20,100 --> 00:50:21,533 EAGLEMAN, VOICE-OVER: IF I WERE JUST GONNA RIFF-- EAGLEMAN，旁白：如果我只是GONNA RIFF， 934 00:50:21,633 --> 00:50:22,966 GUESS AT IT--IT'S THAT, UH, 猜猜吧-嗯， 935 00:50:23,066 --> 00:50:24,133 ONE OF THE MOST IMPORTANT THINGS WE LEARN 我们学到的最重要的事情之一 936 00:50:24,233 --> 00:50:25,500 AS HUMANS IS PERSPECTIVE TAKING. 就像人类有远见。 937 00:50:25,600 --> 00:50:27,133 AND KIDS DON'T OFTEN GET 和孩子不会经常得到 938 00:50:27,233 --> 00:50:30,933 A REALLY MEANINGFUL EXERCISE IN THAT. 真正有意义的运动。 939 00:50:31,033 --> 00:50:32,633 AND WHEN YOU'RE FORCED INTO UNDERSTANDING 当您被迫了解 940 00:50:32,733 --> 00:50:35,000 WHAT IT'S LIKE TO STAND IN SOMEONE ELSE'S SHOES, 喜欢穿其他人的鞋子， 941 00:50:35,100 --> 00:50:37,700 THAT OPENS UP A LOT OF COGNITIVE PATHWAYS FOR YOU. 这为您打开了许多认知途径。 942 00:50:37,800 --> 00:50:39,866 I REMEMBER SAYING SOMETHING TO MY DAD 我谨对我父亲说些什么 943 00:50:39,966 --> 00:50:42,566 ABOUT A COMMENT HE MADE, SAYING, 关于他的评论，说， 944 00:50:42,666 --> 00:50:45,500 "NO, THAT'S NOT APPROPRIATE." “不，那不合适。” 945 00:50:45,600 --> 00:50:48,900 AND IT DID CHANGE WITHIN THE FAMILY. 并且在家庭内部发生了变化。 946 00:50:49,000 --> 00:50:51,400 BUT YOU TALK ABOUT A LITTLE KID 让您谈谈小孩子 947 00:50:51,500 --> 00:50:53,900 MAKING THAT STATEMENT, IT'S HUGE. 发表声明，这是巨大的。 948 00:50:54,000 --> 00:50:56,500 BUT IT REAFFIRMED THAT YOU COULD DO THAT-- 但您必须执行以下操作- 949 00:50:56,600 --> 00:50:59,200 YOU COULD BEGIN TO CHANGE. 您可能会开始更改。 950 00:51:05,800 --> 00:51:07,466 THE BRILLIANCE 辉煌 951 00:51:07,566 --> 00:51:09,633 OF THE BLUE EYES/BROWN EYES EXPERIMENT IS 蓝眼睛/棕色眼睛实验的 952 00:51:09,733 --> 00:51:13,566 THAT THE TEACHER, JANE ELLIOTT, SWITCHED WHICH GROUP WAS ON TOP. 老师简·埃利奥特（JANE ELLIOTT）切换了哪个组，排名第一。 953 00:51:13,666 --> 00:51:17,633 AND THAT ALLOWED THE STUDENTS TO EXTRACT THE LARGER LESSON, 并允许学生提取更大的经验， 954 00:51:17,733 --> 00:51:20,800 WHICH IS THAT SYSTEMS OF RULES CAN BE ARBITRARY. 这就是规则系统可以是任意的。 955 00:51:20,900 --> 00:51:25,300 THEY LEARNED THAT THE TRUTHS OF THE WORLD ARE NOT FIXED, 他们了解到世界的真相是不固定的， 956 00:51:25,400 --> 00:51:27,466 AND THEY'RE NOT EVEN NECESSARILY TRUTHS. 而且它们甚至不是真相。 957 00:51:27,566 --> 00:51:29,466 AND THIS IS WHAT EMPOWERED THE CHILDREN 这就是儿童的权利 958 00:51:29,566 --> 00:51:32,566 AS THEY GREW TO SEE THROUGH THE SMOKE AND MIRRORS 就像他们通过烟和镜子看到的一样 959 00:51:32,666 --> 00:51:35,233 OF OTHER PEOPLE'S POLITICAL AGENDAS 其他人民政治议程 960 00:51:35,333 --> 00:51:37,633 AND TO FORM THEIR OWN OPINIONS-- 并形成自己的意见 961 00:51:37,733 --> 00:51:41,666 SURELY A SKILL THAT WE SHOULD BE TEACHING TO ALL OF OUR CHILDREN. 当然，我们应该对我们所有的孩子进行授课。 962 00:51:41,766 --> 00:51:43,600 ELLIOTT: SHOULD THE COLOR OF SOME OTHER PERSON'S EYES 艾略特：应该是其他人的眼睛的颜色 963 00:51:43,700 --> 00:51:45,433 HAVE ANYTHING TO DO WITH HOW YOU TREAT THEM? 与您如何对待它们有什么关系？ 964 00:51:45,533 --> 00:51:46,900 STUDENTS: NO. 学生：不可以。 965 00:51:47,000 --> 00:51:49,666 [GUNFIRE] [炮火] 966 00:51:49,766 --> 00:51:51,300 EAGLEMAN, VOICE-OVER: WHEN PEOPLE ARE ARMED EAGLEMAN，配音：武装人员时 967 00:51:51,400 --> 00:51:54,900 WITH AN UNDERSTANDING OF HOW PROPAGANDA WORKS, 通过了解宣传方式， 968 00:51:55,000 --> 00:51:58,266 THE POWER OF PROPAGANDA IS REDUCED. 宣传的力量降低了。 969 00:51:58,366 --> 00:52:00,666 AS WE COME TO UNDERSTAND 当我们了解 970 00:52:00,766 --> 00:52:03,800 THE DEEP IMPORTANCE OF COOPERATION, 深度合作的重要性 971 00:52:03,900 --> 00:52:08,700 WE STAND A CHANCE NOT ONLY OF REDUCING DEHUMANIZATION, 我们不但有机会减少降级， 972 00:52:08,800 --> 00:52:11,300 BUT ACHIEVING OUR POTENTIAL AS A SPECIES. 但可以实现我们的潜力。 973 00:52:11,400 --> 00:52:13,300 [INDISTINCT SINGING] [现场演唱] 974 00:52:15,000 --> 00:52:18,333 EAGLEMAN: GENOCIDE DOESN'T HAVE TO BE THE NORM. EAGLEMAN：种族灭绝不一定是NORM。 975 00:52:25,400 --> 00:52:29,466 INSTEAD OUR FUNDAMENTALLY SOCIAL NATURE CAN HOLD 可以保留我们的基本社会性质 976 00:52:29,566 --> 00:52:32,933 THE KEY TO OUR SUCCESS AS A SPECIES. 我们成功的秘诀。 977 00:52:34,366 --> 00:52:37,166 OUR FUTURE, OUR SURVIVAL IS 我们的未来，我们的生存是 978 00:52:37,266 --> 00:52:39,900 INTIMATELY, PERMANENTLY BOUND UP 永久地绑定 979 00:52:40,000 --> 00:52:42,666 WITH THAT OF THE PEOPLE AROUND US. 与我们周围的人在一起。 980 00:52:44,833 --> 00:52:45,733 [GUNFIRE] [炮火] 981 00:52:45,833 --> 00:52:48,233 EAGLEMAN: OUR SOCIAL DRIVE IS AT THE ROOT EAGLEMAN：我们的社会动力源于根本 982 00:52:48,333 --> 00:52:53,433 OF EXTRAORDINARY ACTS OF BRAVERY AND GENEROSITY. 粗大和粗暴的行为 983 00:52:55,933 --> 00:52:57,900 EAGLEMAN: WHO YOU ARE HAS EVERYTHING TO DO 鹰侠：您无所不能 984 00:52:58,000 --> 00:52:59,500 WITH WHO WE ARE. 与我们在一起。 985 00:52:59,600 --> 00:53:02,466 OUR BRAINS ARE SO FUNDAMENTALLY WIRED TO INTERACT 我们的大脑非常互动 986 00:53:02,566 --> 00:53:04,166 THAT IT'S NOT ALWAYS CLEAR 并非总是如此 987 00:53:04,266 --> 00:53:06,733 WHERE EACH OF US BEGINS AND ENDS. 我们每个人的起点和终点。 988 00:53:06,833 --> 00:53:09,466 [CROWD CHEERING] [群众欢呼声] 989 00:53:11,533 --> 00:53:16,300 OUR SPECIES IS MORE THAN JUST 7 BILLION INDIVIDUALS 我们的种类超过70亿个人 990 00:53:16,400 --> 00:53:18,966 SPREAD OUT ACROSS THE PLANET. 遍布整个行星。 991 00:53:19,066 --> 00:53:25,466 WE'RE SOMETHING MORE LIKE A SINGLE VAST SUPER-ORGANISM. 我们更像是一个单一的超级有机体。 992 00:53:25,566 --> 00:53:29,900 BECAUSE WHAT YOUR FRIENDS KNOW AND LOVE AS YOU IS 因为您的朋友知道并喜欢您 993 00:53:30,000 --> 00:53:33,800 REALLY A NEURAL NETWORK EMBEDDED 真正嵌入的神经网络 994 00:53:33,900 --> 00:53:37,500 IN A FAR LARGER WEB OF OTHER NEURAL NETWORKS. 在其他神经网络的更大网络中。 995 00:53:40,333 --> 00:53:42,933 IN THIS AGE OF DIGITAL CONNECTION, 在这个数字连接时代， 996 00:53:43,033 --> 00:53:44,400 WE DESPERATELY NEED TO UNDERSTAND 我们非常需要了解 997 00:53:44,500 --> 00:53:47,233 THE LINKS BETWEEN HUMANS. 人类之间的联系。 998 00:53:47,333 --> 00:53:49,966 IF WE WANT OUR CIVILIZATIONS TO HAVE A BRIGHT FUTURE, 如果我们希望我们的文明具有光明的未来， 999 00:53:50,066 --> 00:53:53,900 WE'LL NEED TO UNDERSTAND HOW HUMAN BRAINS INTERACT-- 我们需要了解人脑如何互动- 1000 00:53:54,000 --> 00:53:55,900 THE DANGERS AND THE OPPORTUNITIES. 危险与机遇。 1001 00:53:56,000 --> 00:53:58,066 BECAUSE THERE'S NO AVOIDING THE TRUTH 因为没有真相 1002 00:53:58,166 --> 00:54:02,466 THAT'S ETCHED INTO OUR NEURAL CIRCUITRY: WE NEED EACH OTHER. 我们的神经系统已经注意到：我们需要彼此。 1003 00:54:02,566 --> 00:54:03,666 [CROWD CHEERING] [群众欢呼声] 1004 00:54:12,766 --> 00:54:14,366 DR. EAGLEMAN: Next time on "The Brain," 博士 1005 00:54:14,466 --> 00:54:16,733 I'm going to look at the future, 我要看未来 1006 00:54:16,833 --> 00:54:18,333 how we can use our brains 我们如何使用我们的大脑 1007 00:54:18,433 --> 00:54:21,233 to control new kinds of bodies... 控制新的身体... 1008 00:54:21,333 --> 00:54:28,200 how our sensory experience can be expanded to new horizons. 如何将我们的感官体验扩展到新的视野。 1009 00:54:28,300 --> 00:54:31,300 I'll look at how we might one day separate our minds 我将看看有一天我们如何分开思想 1010 00:54:31,400 --> 00:54:32,966 from our physical bodies... 从我们的身体... 1011 00:54:35,866 --> 00:54:48,633 ...even possibly overcome death. 甚至可能战胜死亡 1012 00:54:48,733 --> 00:54:50,733 "THE BRAIN WITH DAVID EAGLEMAN" “与大卫·艾格曼的大脑” 1013 00:54:50,833 --> 00:54:52,133 IS AVAILABLE ON DVD. 在DVD上可用。 1014 00:54:52,233 --> 00:54:53,633 THE COMPANION BOOK IS 同伴书是 1015 00:54:53,733 --> 00:54:55,033 ALSO AVAILABLE. 也提供。 1016 00:54:55,133 --> 00:54:57,466 TO ORDER, VISIT SHOPPBS.ORG 要订购，请访问SHOPPBS.ORG 1017 00:54:57,566 --> 00:55:01,566 OR CALL 1-800-PLAY-PBS. 或致电1-800-PLAY-PBS。